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class="menu item"><a href="lxml-source-howto.html#where-to-start">Where to start?</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="lxml-source-howto.html#lxml-etree">lxml.etree</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="lxml-source-howto.html#python-modules">Python modules</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="lxml-source-howto.html#lxml-objectify">lxml.objectify</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="lxml-source-howto.html#lxml-html">lxml.html</a></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="menu foreign" id="changes 4 2 3-menu"><li class="menu title"><a href="changes-4.2.3.html">Release Changelog</a></li></ul><ul class="menu foreign" id="credits-menu"><li class="menu title"><a href="credits.html">Credits</a><ul class="submenu"><li class="menu item"><a href="credits.html#main-contributors">Main contributors</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="credits.html#special-thanks-goes-to">Special thanks goes to:</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></li></ul></div></div><h1 class="title">Installing lxml</h1>
<div class="contents topic" id="contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#where-to-get-it" id="id1">Where to get it</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#requirements" id="id2">Requirements</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installation" id="id3">Installation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#building-lxml-from-dev-sources" id="id4">Building lxml from dev sources</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-lxml-with-python-libxml2" id="id5">Using lxml with python-libxml2</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#source-builds-on-ms-windows" id="id6">Source builds on MS Windows</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#source-builds-on-macos-x" id="id7">Source builds on MacOS-X</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="where-to-get-it">
<h1>Where to get it</h1>
<p>lxml is generally distributed through <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/lxml">PyPI</a>.</p>
<p>Most <strong>Linux</strong> platforms come with some version of lxml readily
packaged, usually named <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python-lxml</span></tt> for the Python 2.x version
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python3-lxml</span></tt> for Python 3.x. If you can use that version,
the quickest way to install lxml is to use the system package
manager, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">apt-get</span></tt> on Debian/Ubuntu:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
sudo apt-get install python3-lxml
</pre>
<p>For <strong>MacOS-X</strong>, a <a class="reference external" href="http://macports.org/">macport</a> of lxml is available.
Try something like</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
sudo port install py27-lxml
</pre>
<p>To install a newer version or to install lxml on other systems,
see below.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="requirements">
<h1>Requirements</h1>
<p>You need Python 2.6 or later.</p>
<p>Unless you are using a static binary distribution (e.g. from a
Windows binary installer), lxml requires libxml2 and libxslt to
be installed, in particular:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://xmlsoft.org/">libxml2</a> version 2.7.0 or later.<ul>
<li>We recommend libxml2 2.9.2 or a later version.</li>
<li>If you want to use the feed parser interface, especially when
parsing from unicode strings, do not use libxml2 2.7.4 through
2.7.6.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/">libxslt</a> version 1.1.23 or later.<ul>
<li>We recommend libxslt 1.1.28 or later. Version 1.1.25 will not
work due to a missing library symbol.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Newer versions generally contain fewer bugs and are therefore
recommended. XML Schema support is also still worked on in libxml2,
so newer versions will give you better compliance with the W3C spec.</p>
<p>To install the required development packages of these dependencies
on Linux systems, use your distribution specific installation tool,
e.g. apt-get on Debian/Ubuntu:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt-dev python-dev
</pre>
<p>For Debian based systems, it should be enough to install the known
build dependencies of the provided lxml package, e.g.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
sudo apt-get build-dep python3-lxml
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installation">
<h1>Installation</h1>
<p>If your system does not provide binary packages or you want to install
a newer version, the best way is to get the <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip">pip</a> package management tool
(or use a <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv">virtualenv</a>) and
run the following:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
pip install lxml
</pre>
<p>If you are not using pip in a virtualenv and want to install lxml globally
instead, you have to run the above command as admin, e.g. on Linux:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
sudo pip install lxml
</pre>
<p>To install a specific version, either download the distribution
manually and let pip install that, or pass the desired version
to pip:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
pip install lxml==3.4.2
</pre>
<p>To speed up the build in test environments, e.g. on a continuous
integration server, disable the C compiler optimisations by setting
the <tt class="docutils literal">CFLAGS</tt> environment variable:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
CFLAGS="-O0" pip install lxml
</pre>
<p>(The option reads "minus Oh Zero", i.e. zero optimisations.)</p>
<div class="section" id="ms-windows">
<h2>MS Windows</h2>
<p>For MS Windows, recent lxml releases feature community donated
binary distributions, although you might still want to take a look
at the related <a class="reference external" href="FAQ.html#where-are-the-binary-builds">FAQ entry</a>.
If you fail to build lxml on your MS Windows system from the signed
and tested sources that we release, consider using the binary builds
from PyPI or the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#lxml">unofficial Windows binaries</a>
that Christoph Gohlke generously provides.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="linux">
<h2>Linux</h2>
<p>On Linux (and most other well-behaved operating systems), <tt class="docutils literal">pip</tt> will
manage to build the source distribution as long as libxml2 and libxslt
are properly installed, including development packages, i.e. header files,
etc. See the requirements section above and use your system package
management tool to look for packages like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libxml2-dev</span></tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libxslt-devel</span></tt>. If the build fails, make sure they are installed.</p>
<p>Alternatively, setting <tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS=true</tt> will download and build
both libraries automatically in their latest version, e.g.
<tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml</tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="macos-x">
<h2>MacOS-X</h2>
<p>On MacOS-X, use the following to build the source distribution,
and make sure you have a working Internet connection, as this will
download libxml2 and libxslt in order to build them:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
STATIC_DEPS=true sudo pip install lxml
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="building-lxml-from-dev-sources">
<h1>Building lxml from dev sources</h1>
<p>If you want to build lxml from the GitHub repository, you should read
<a class="reference external" href="build.html">how to build lxml from source</a> (or the file <tt class="docutils literal">doc/build.txt</tt> in the
source tree). Building from developer sources or from modified
distribution sources requires <a class="reference external" href="http://www.cython.org">Cython</a> to translate the lxml sources
into C code. The source distribution ships with pre-generated C
source files, so you do not need Cython installed to build from
release sources.</p>
<p>If you have read these instructions and still cannot manage to install lxml,
you can check the archives of the <a class="reference external" href="http://lxml.de/mailinglist/">mailing list</a> to see if your problem is
known or otherwise send a mail to the list.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-lxml-with-python-libxml2">
<h1>Using lxml with python-libxml2</h1>
<p>If you want to use lxml together with the official libxml2 Python
bindings (maybe because one of your dependencies uses it), you must
build lxml statically. Otherwise, the two packages will interfere in
places where the libxml2 library requires global configuration, which
can have any kind of effect from disappearing functionality to crashes
in either of the two.</p>
<p>To get a static build, either pass the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--static-deps</span></tt> option to the
setup.py script, or run <tt class="docutils literal">pip</tt> with the <tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS</tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal">STATICBUILD</tt> environment variable set to true, i.e.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal">STATICBUILD</tt> environment variable is handled equivalently to
the <tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS</tt> variable, but is used by some other extension
packages, too.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="source-builds-on-ms-windows">
<h1>Source builds on MS Windows</h1>
<p>Most MS Windows systems lack the necessarily tools to build software,
starting with a C compiler already. Microsoft leaves it to users to
install and configure them, which is usually not trivial and means
that distributors cannot rely on these dependencies being available
on a given system. In a way, you get what you've paid for and make
others pay for it.</p>
<p>Due to the additional lack of package management of this platform,
it is best to link the library dependencies statically if you decide
to build from sources, rather than using a binary installer. For
that, lxml can use the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.zlatkovic.com/libxml.en.html">binary distribution of libxml2 and libxslt</a>, which it downloads
automatically during the static build. It needs both libxml2 and
libxslt, as well as iconv and zlib, which are available from the
same download site. Further build instructions are in the
<a class="reference external" href="build.html">source build documentation</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="source-builds-on-macos-x">
<h1>Source builds on MacOS-X</h1>
<p>If you are not using macports or want to use a more recent lxml
release, you have to build it yourself. While the pre-installed system
libraries of libxml2 and libxslt are less outdated in recent MacOS-X
versions than they used to be, so lxml should work with them out of the
box, it is still recommended to use a static build with the most recent
library versions.</p>
<p>Luckily, lxml's <tt class="docutils literal">setup.py</tt> script has built-in support for building
and integrating these libraries statically during the build. Please
read the
<a class="reference external" href="build.html#building-lxml-on-macos-x">MacOS-X build instructions</a>.</p>
</div>
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