import pytest
from pybind11_tests import numpy_array as m
pytestmark = pytest.requires_numpy
with pytest.suppress(ImportError):
import numpy as np
def test_dtypes():
# See issue #1328.
# - Platform-dependent sizes.
for size_check in m.get_platform_dtype_size_checks():
print(size_check)
assert size_check.size_cpp == size_check.size_numpy, size_check
# - Concrete sizes.
for check in m.get_concrete_dtype_checks():
print(check)
assert check.numpy == check.pybind11, check
if check.numpy.num != check.pybind11.num:
print("NOTE: typenum mismatch for {}: {} != {}".format(
check, check.numpy.num, check.pybind11.num))
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def arr():
return np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], '=u2')
def test_array_attributes():
a = np.array(0, 'f8')
assert m.ndim(a) == 0
assert all(m.shape(a) == [])
assert all(m.strides(a) == [])
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
m.shape(a, 0)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'invalid axis: 0 (ndim = 0)'
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
m.strides(a, 0)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'invalid axis: 0 (ndim = 0)'
assert m.writeable(a)
assert m.size(a) == 1
assert m.itemsize(a) == 8
assert m.nbytes(a) == 8
assert m.owndata(a)
a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], 'u2').view()
a.flags.writeable = False
assert m.ndim(a) == 2
assert all(m.shape(a) == [2, 3])
assert m.shape(a, 0) == 2
assert m.shape(a, 1) == 3
assert all(m.strides(a) == [6, 2])
assert m.strides(a, 0) == 6
assert m.strides(a, 1) == 2
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
m.shape(a, 2)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'invalid axis: 2 (ndim = 2)'
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
m.strides(a, 2)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'invalid axis: 2 (ndim = 2)'
assert not m.writeable(a)
assert m.size(a) == 6
assert m.itemsize(a) == 2
assert m.nbytes(a) == 12
assert not m.owndata(a)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('args, ret', [([], 0), ([0], 0), ([1], 3), ([0, 1], 1), ([1, 2], 5)])
def test_index_offset(arr, args, ret):
assert m.index_at(arr, *args) == ret
assert m.index_at_t(arr, *args) == ret
assert m.offset_at(arr, *args) == ret * arr.dtype.itemsize
assert m.offset_at_t(arr, *args) == ret * arr.dtype.itemsize
def test_dim_check_fail(arr):
for func in (m.index_at, m.index_at_t, m.offset_at, m.offset_at_t, m.data, m.data_t,
m.mutate_data, m.mutate_data_t):
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
func(arr, 1, 2, 3)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'too many indices for an array: 3 (ndim = 2)'
@pytest.mark.parametrize('args, ret',
[([], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]),
([1], [4, 5, 6]),
([0, 1], [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]),
([1, 2], [6])])
def test_data(arr, args, ret):
from sys import byteorder
assert all(m.data_t(arr, *args) == ret)
assert all(m.data(arr, *args)[(0 if byteorder == 'little' else 1)::2] == ret)
assert all(m.data(arr, *args)[(1 if byteorder == 'little' else 0)::2] == 0)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('dim', [0, 1, 3])
def test_at_fail(arr, dim):
for func in m.at_t, m.mutate_at_t:
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
func(arr, *([0] * dim))
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'index dimension mismatch: {} (ndim = 2)'.format(dim)
def test_at(arr):
assert m.at_t(arr, 0, 2) == 3
assert m.at_t(arr, 1, 0) == 4
assert all(m.mutate_at_t(arr, 0, 2).ravel() == [1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 6])
assert all(m.mutate_at_t(arr, 1, 0).ravel() == [1, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6])
def test_mutate_readonly(arr):
arr.flags.writeable = False
for func, args in (m.mutate_data, ()), (m.mutate_data_t, ()), (m.mutate_at_t, (0, 0)):
with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
func(arr, *args)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'array is not writeable'
def test_mutate_data(arr):
assert all(m.mutate_data(arr).ravel() == [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12])
assert all(m.mutate_data(arr).ravel() == [4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24])
assert all(m.mutate_data(arr, 1).ravel() == [4, 8, 12, 32, 40, 48])
assert all(m.mutate_data(arr, 0, 1).ravel() == [4, 16, 24, 64, 80, 96])
assert all(m.mutate_data(arr, 1, 2).ravel() == [4, 16, 24, 64, 80, 192])
assert all(m.mutate_data_t(arr).ravel() == [5, 17, 25, 65, 81, 193])
assert all(m.mutate_data_t(arr).ravel() == [6, 18, 26, 66, 82, 194])
assert all(m.mutate_data_t(arr, 1).ravel() == [6, 18, 26, 67, 83, 195])
assert all(m.mutate_data_t(arr, 0, 1).ravel() == [6, 19, 27, 68, 84, 196])
assert all(m.mutate_data_t(arr, 1, 2).ravel() == [6, 19, 27, 68, 84, 197])
def test_bounds_check(arr):
for func in (m.index_at, m.index_at_t, m.data, m.data_t,
m.mutate_data, m.mutate_data_t, m.at_t, m.mutate_at_t):
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
func(arr, 2, 0)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'index 2 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 2'
with pytest.raises(IndexError) as excinfo:
func(arr, 0, 4)
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'index 4 is out of bounds for axis 1 with size 3'
def test_make_c_f_array():
assert m.make_c_array().flags.c_contiguous
assert not m.make_c_array().flags.f_contiguous
assert m.make_f_array().flags.f_contiguous
assert not m.make_f_array().flags.c_contiguous
def test_make_empty_shaped_array():
m.make_empty_shaped_array()
# empty shape means numpy scalar, PEP 3118
assert m.scalar_int().ndim == 0
assert m.scalar_int().shape == ()
assert m.scalar_int() == 42
def test_wrap():
def assert_references(a, b, base=None):
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
if base is None:
base = a
assert a is not b
assert a.__array_interface__['data'][0] == b.__array_interface__['data'][0]
assert a.shape == b.shape
assert a.strides == b.strides
assert a.flags.c_contiguous == b.flags.c_contiguous
assert a.flags.f_contiguous == b.flags.f_contiguous
assert a.flags.writeable == b.flags.writeable
assert a.flags.aligned == b.flags.aligned
if LooseVersion(np.__version__) >= LooseVersion("1.14.0"):
assert a.flags.writebackifcopy == b.flags.writebackifcopy
else:
assert a.flags.updateifcopy == b.flags.updateifcopy
assert np.all(a == b)
assert not b.flags.owndata
assert b.base is base
if a.flags.writeable and a.ndim == 2:
a[0, 0] = 1234
assert b[0, 0] == 1234
a1 = np.array([1, 2], dtype=np.int16)
assert a1.flags.owndata and a1.base is None
a2 = m.wrap(a1)
assert_references(a1, a2)
a1 = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], dtype=np.float32, order='F')
assert a1.flags.owndata and a1.base is None
a2 = m.wrap(a1)
assert_references(a1, a2)
a1 = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], dtype=np.float32, order='C')
a1.flags.writeable = False
a2 = m.wrap(a1)
assert_references(a1, a2)
a1 = np.random.random((4, 4, 4))
a2 = m.wrap(a1)
assert_references(a1, a2)
a1t = a1.transpose()
a2 = m.wrap(a1t)
assert_references(a1t, a2, a1)
a1d = a1.diagonal()
a2 = m.wrap(a1d)
assert_references(a1d, a2, a1)
a1m = a1[::-1, ::-1, ::-1]
a2 = m.wrap(a1m)
assert_references(a1m, a2, a1)
def test_numpy_view(capture):
with capture:
ac = m.ArrayClass()
ac_view_1 = ac.numpy_view()
ac_view_2 = ac.numpy_view()
assert np.all(ac_view_1 == np.array([1, 2], dtype=np.int32))
del ac
pytest.gc_collect()
assert capture == """
ArrayClass()
ArrayClass::numpy_view()
ArrayClass::numpy_view()
"""
ac_view_1[0] = 4
ac_view_1[1] = 3
assert ac_view_2[0] == 4
assert ac_view_2[1] == 3
with capture:
del ac_view_1
del ac_view_2
pytest.gc_collect()
pytest.gc_collect()
assert capture == """
~ArrayClass()
"""
@pytest.unsupported_on_pypy
def test_cast_numpy_int64_to_uint64():
m.function_taking_uint64(123)
m.function_taking_uint64(np.uint64(123))
def test_isinstance():
assert m.isinstance_untyped(np.array([1, 2, 3]), "not an array")
assert m.isinstance_typed(np.array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0]))
def test_constructors():
defaults = m.default_constructors()
for a in defaults.values():
assert a.size == 0
assert defaults["array"].dtype == np.array([]).dtype
assert defaults["array_t<int32>"].dtype == np.int32
assert defaults["array_t<double>"].dtype == np.float64
results = m.converting_constructors([1, 2, 3])
for a in results.values():
np.testing.assert_array_equal(a, [1, 2, 3])
assert results["array"].dtype == np.int_
assert results["array_t<int32>"].dtype == np.int32
assert results["array_t<double>"].dtype == np.float64
def test_overload_resolution(msg):
# Exact overload matches:
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='float64')) == 'double'
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='float32')) == 'float'
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='ushort')) == 'unsigned short'
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='intc')) == 'int'
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='longlong')) == 'long long'
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='complex')) == 'double complex'
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='csingle')) == 'float complex'
# No exact match, should call first convertible version:
assert m.overloaded(np.array([1], dtype='uint8')) == 'double'
with pytest.raises(TypeError) as excinfo:
m.overloaded("not an array")
assert msg(excinfo.value) == """
overloaded(): incompatible function arguments. The following argument types are supported:
1. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[float64]) -> str
2. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[float32]) -> str
3. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[int32]) -> str
4. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[uint16]) -> str
5. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[int64]) -> str
6. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[complex128]) -> str
7. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[complex64]) -> str
Invoked with: 'not an array'
"""
assert m.overloaded2(np.array([1], dtype='float64')) == 'double'
assert m.overloaded2(np.array([1], dtype='float32')) == 'float'
assert m.overloaded2(np.array([1], dtype='complex64')) == 'float complex'
assert m.overloaded2(np.array([1], dtype='complex128')) == 'double complex'
assert m.overloaded2(np.array([1], dtype='float32')) == 'float'
assert m.overloaded3(np.array([1], dtype='float64')) == 'double'
assert m.overloaded3(np.array([1], dtype='intc')) == 'int'
expected_exc = """
overloaded3(): incompatible function arguments. The following argument types are supported:
1. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[int32]) -> str
2. (arg0: numpy.ndarray[float64]) -> str
Invoked with: """
with pytest.raises(TypeError) as excinfo:
m.overloaded3(np.array([1], dtype='uintc'))
assert msg(excinfo.value) == expected_exc + repr(np.array([1], dtype='uint32'))
with pytest.raises(TypeError) as excinfo:
m.overloaded3(np.array([1], dtype='float32'))
assert msg(excinfo.value) == expected_exc + repr(np.array([1.], dtype='float32'))
with pytest.raises(TypeError) as excinfo:
m.overloaded3(np.array([1], dtype='complex'))
assert msg(excinfo.value) == expected_exc + repr(np.array([1. + 0.j]))
# Exact matches:
assert m.overloaded4(np.array([1], dtype='double')) == 'double'
assert m.overloaded4(np.array([1], dtype='longlong')) == 'long long'
# Non-exact matches requiring conversion. Since float to integer isn't a
# save conversion, it should go to the double overload, but short can go to
# either (and so should end up on the first-registered, the long long).
assert m.overloaded4(np.array([1], dtype='float32')) == 'double'
assert m.overloaded4(np.array([1], dtype='short')) == 'long long'
assert m.overloaded5(np.array([1], dtype='double')) == 'double'
assert m.overloaded5(np.array([1], dtype='uintc')) == 'unsigned int'
assert m.overloaded5(np.array([1], dtype='float32')) == 'unsigned int'
def test_greedy_string_overload():
"""Tests fix for #685 - ndarray shouldn't go to std::string overload"""
assert m.issue685("abc") == "string"
assert m.issue685(np.array([97, 98, 99], dtype='b')) == "array"
assert m.issue685(123) == "other"
def test_array_unchecked_fixed_dims(msg):
z1 = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], dtype='float64')
m.proxy_add2(z1, 10)
assert np.all(z1 == [[11, 12], [13, 14]])
with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
m.proxy_add2(np.array([1., 2, 3]), 5.0)
assert msg(excinfo.value) == "array has incorrect number of dimensions: 1; expected 2"
expect_c = np.ndarray(shape=(3, 3, 3), buffer=np.array(range(3, 30)), dtype='int')
assert np.all(m.proxy_init3(3.0) == expect_c)
expect_f = np.transpose(expect_c)
assert np.all(m.proxy_init3F(3.0) == expect_f)
assert m.proxy_squared_L2_norm(np.array(range(6))) == 55
assert m.proxy_squared_L2_norm(np.array(range(6), dtype="float64")) == 55
assert m.proxy_auxiliaries2(z1) == [11, 11, True, 2, 8, 2, 2, 4, 32]
assert m.proxy_auxiliaries2(z1) == m.array_auxiliaries2(z1)
def test_array_unchecked_dyn_dims(msg):
z1 = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], dtype='float64')
m.proxy_add2_dyn(z1, 10)
assert np.all(z1 == [[11, 12], [13, 14]])
expect_c = np.ndarray(shape=(3, 3, 3), buffer=np.array(range(3, 30)), dtype='int')
assert np.all(m.proxy_init3_dyn(3.0) == expect_c)
assert m.proxy_auxiliaries2_dyn(z1) == [11, 11, True, 2, 8, 2, 2, 4, 32]
assert m.proxy_auxiliaries2_dyn(z1) == m.array_auxiliaries2(z1)
def test_array_failure():
with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
m.array_fail_test()
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'cannot create a pybind11::array from a nullptr'
with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
m.array_t_fail_test()
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'cannot create a pybind11::array_t from a nullptr'
with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
m.array_fail_test_negative_size()
assert str(excinfo.value) == 'negative dimensions are not allowed'
def test_initializer_list():
assert m.array_initializer_list1().shape == (1,)
assert m.array_initializer_list2().shape == (1, 2)
assert m.array_initializer_list3().shape == (1, 2, 3)
assert m.array_initializer_list4().shape == (1, 2, 3, 4)
def test_array_resize(msg):
a = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], dtype='float64')
m.array_reshape2(a)
assert(a.size == 9)
assert(np.all(a == [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]))
# total size change should succced with refcheck off
m.array_resize3(a, 4, False)
assert(a.size == 64)
# ... and fail with refcheck on
try:
m.array_resize3(a, 3, True)
except ValueError as e:
assert(str(e).startswith("cannot resize an array"))
# transposed array doesn't own data
b = a.transpose()
try:
m.array_resize3(b, 3, False)
except ValueError as e:
assert(str(e).startswith("cannot resize this array: it does not own its data"))
# ... but reshape should be fine
m.array_reshape2(b)
assert(b.shape == (8, 8))
@pytest.unsupported_on_pypy
def test_array_create_and_resize(msg):
a = m.create_and_resize(2)
assert(a.size == 4)
assert(np.all(a == 42.))
@pytest.unsupported_on_py2
def test_index_using_ellipsis():
a = m.index_using_ellipsis(np.zeros((5, 6, 7)))
assert a.shape == (6,)
@pytest.unsupported_on_pypy
def test_dtype_refcount_leak():
from sys import getrefcount
dtype = np.dtype(np.float_)
a = np.array([1], dtype=dtype)
before = getrefcount(dtype)
m.ndim(a)
after = getrefcount(dtype)
assert after == before