.TH ARCHIVE_READ 3 "February 2, 2012" ""
.SH NAME
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\fB\%archive_read\fP
\- functions for reading streaming archives
.SH LIBRARY
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Streaming Archive Library (libarchive, -larchive)
.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fB#include <archive.h>\fP
.SH DESCRIPTION
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These functions provide a complete API for reading streaming archives.
The general process is to first create the
Tn struct archive
object, set options, initialize the reader, iterate over the archive
headers and associated data, then close the archive and release all
resources.
.SS Create archive object
See
\fBarchive_read_new\fP(3).
.PP
To read an archive, you must first obtain an initialized
Tn struct archive
object from
\fB\%archive_read_new\fP().
.SS Enable filters and formats
See
\fBarchive_read_filter\fP(3)
and
\fBarchive_read_format\fP(3).
.PP
You can then modify this object for the desired operations with the
various
\fB\%archive_read_set_XXX\fP()
and
\fB\%archive_read_support_XXX\fP()
functions.
In particular, you will need to invoke appropriate
\fB\%archive_read_support_XXX\fP()
functions to enable the corresponding compression and format
support.
Note that these latter functions perform two distinct operations:
they cause the corresponding support code to be linked into your
program, and they enable the corresponding auto-detect code.
Unless you have specific constraints, you will generally want
to invoke
\fB\%archive_read_support_filter_all\fP()
and
\fB\%archive_read_support_format_all\fP()
to enable auto-detect for all formats and compression types
currently supported by the library.
.SS Set options
See
\fBarchive_read_set_options\fP(3).
.SS Open archive
See
\fBarchive_read_open\fP(3).
.PP
Once you have prepared the
Tn struct archive
object, you call
\fB\%archive_read_open\fP()
to actually open the archive and prepare it for reading.
There are several variants of this function;
the most basic expects you to provide pointers to several
functions that can provide blocks of bytes from the archive.
There are convenience forms that allow you to
specify a filename, file descriptor,
\fIFILE *\fP
object, or a block of memory from which to read the archive data.
Note that the core library makes no assumptions about the
size of the blocks read;
callback functions are free to read whatever block size is
most appropriate for the medium.
.SS Consume archive
See
\fBarchive_read_header\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_data\fP(3)
and
\fBarchive_read_extract\fP(3).
.PP
Each archive entry consists of a header followed by a certain
amount of data.
You can obtain the next header with
\fB\%archive_read_next_header\fP(),
which returns a pointer to an
Tn struct archive_entry
structure with information about the current archive element.
If the entry is a regular file, then the header will be followed
by the file data.
You can use
\fB\%archive_read_data\fP()
(which works much like the
\fBread\fP(2)
system call)
to read this data from the archive, or
\fB\%archive_read_data_block\fP()
which provides a slightly more efficient interface.
You may prefer to use the higher-level
\fB\%archive_read_data_skip\fP(),
which reads and discards the data for this entry,
\fB\%archive_read_data_into_fd\fP(),
which copies the data to the provided file descriptor, or
\fB\%archive_read_extract\fP(),
which recreates the specified entry on disk and copies data
from the archive.
In particular, note that
\fB\%archive_read_extract\fP()
uses the
Tn struct archive_entry
structure that you provide it, which may differ from the
entry just read from the archive.
In particular, many applications will want to override the
pathname, file permissions, or ownership.
.SS Release resources
See
\fBarchive_read_free\fP(3).
.PP
Once you have finished reading data from the archive, you
should call
\fB\%archive_read_close\fP()
to close the archive, then call
\fB\%archive_read_free\fP()
to release all resources, including all memory allocated by the library.
.SH EXAMPLE
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The following illustrates basic usage of the library.
In this example,
the callback functions are simply wrappers around the standard
\fBopen\fP(2),
\fBread\fP(2),
and
\fBclose\fP(2)
system calls.
.RS 4
.nf
void
list_archive(const char *name)
{
  struct mydata *mydata;
  struct archive *a;
  struct archive_entry *entry;
  mydata = malloc(sizeof(struct mydata));
  a = archive_read_new();
  mydata->name = name;
  archive_read_support_filter_all(a);
  archive_read_support_format_all(a);
  archive_read_open(a, mydata, myopen, myread, myclose);
  while (archive_read_next_header(a, &entry) == ARCHIVE_OK) {
    printf("%s\en",archive_entry_pathname(entry));
    archive_read_data_skip(a);
  }
  archive_read_free(a);
  free(mydata);
}
la_ssize_t
myread(struct archive *a, void *client_data, const void **buff)
{
  struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
  *buff = mydata->buff;
  return (read(mydata->fd, mydata->buff, 10240));
}
int
myopen(struct archive *a, void *client_data)
{
  struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
  mydata->fd = open(mydata->name, O_RDONLY);
  return (mydata->fd >= 0 ? ARCHIVE_OK : ARCHIVE_FATAL);
}
int
myclose(struct archive *a, void *client_data)
{
  struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
  if (mydata->fd > 0)
    close(mydata->fd);
  return (ARCHIVE_OK);
}
.RE
.SH SEE ALSO
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\fBtar\fP(1),
\fBlibarchive\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_new\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_data\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_extract\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_filter\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_format\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_header\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_open\fP(3),
\fBarchive_read_set_options\fP(3),
\fBarchive_util\fP(3),
\fBtar\fP(5)
.SH HISTORY
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The
\fB\%libarchive\fP
library first appeared in
FreeBSD 5.3.
.SH AUTHORS
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-nosplit
The
\fB\%libarchive\fP
library was written by
Tim Kientzle \%<kientzle@acm.org.>
.SH BUGS
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Many traditional archiver programs treat
empty files as valid empty archives.
For example, many implementations of
\fBtar\fP(1)
allow you to append entries to an empty file.
Of course, it is impossible to determine the format of an empty file
by inspecting the contents, so this library treats empty files as
having a special
``empty''
format.