/*
* Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
* Mike Muuss.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* P I N G . C
*
* Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
* measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
*
* Author -
* Mike Muuss
* U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
* December, 1983
*
* Status -
* Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited.
* Bugs -
* More statistics could always be gathered.
* If kernel does not support non-raw ICMP sockets,
* this program has to run SUID to ROOT or with
* net_cap_raw enabled.
*/
#include "ping.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#ifndef WITHOUT_IFADDRS
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#endif
#ifndef ICMP_FILTER
#define ICMP_FILTER 1
struct icmp_filter {
__u32 data;
};
#endif
ping_func_set_st ping4_func_set = {
.send_probe = ping4_send_probe,
.receive_error_msg = ping4_receive_error_msg,
.parse_reply = ping4_parse_reply,
.install_filter = ping4_install_filter
};
#define MAXIPLEN 60
#define MAXICMPLEN 76
#define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */
#define TOS_MAX 255 /* 8-bit TOS field */
static int ts_type;
static int nroute = 0;
static __u32 route[10];
static struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */
static int optlen = 0;
static int settos = 0; /* Set TOS, Precendence or other QOS options */
static int broadcast_pings = 0;
static void pr_options(unsigned char * cp, int hlen);
static void pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip);
static void usage(void) __attribute__((noreturn));
static unsigned short in_cksum(const unsigned short *addr, int len, unsigned short salt);
static void pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info, struct icmphdr *icp);
static int parsetos(char *str);
static int parseflow(char *str);
static struct {
struct cmsghdr cm;
struct in_pktinfo ipi;
} cmsg = { {sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(struct in_pktinfo), SOL_IP, IP_PKTINFO},
{0, }};
int cmsg_len;
static struct sockaddr_in source = { .sin_family = AF_INET };
char *device;
int pmtudisc = -1;
static void create_socket(socket_st *sock, int family, int socktype, int protocol, int requisite)
{
int do_fallback = 0;
errno = 0;
assert(sock->fd == -1);
assert(socktype == SOCK_DGRAM || socktype == SOCK_RAW);
/* Attempt to create a ping socket if requested. Attempt to create a raw
* socket otherwise or as a fallback. Well known errno values follow.
*
* 1) EACCES
*
* Kernel returns EACCES for all ping socket creation attempts when the
* user isn't allowed to use ping socket. A range of group ids is
* configured using the `net.ipv4.ping_group_range` sysctl. Fallback
* to raw socket is necessary.
*
* Kernel returns EACCES for all raw socket creation attempts when the
* proces doesn't have the `CAP_NET_RAW` capability.
*
* 2) EAFNOSUPPORT
*
* Kernel returns EAFNOSUPPORT for IPv6 ping or raw socket creation
* attempts when run with IPv6 support disabled (e.g. via `ipv6.disable=1`
* kernel command-line option.
*
* https://github.com/iputils/iputils/issues/32
*
* OpenVZ 2.6.32-042stab113.11 and possibly other older kernels return
* EAFNOSUPPORT for all IPv4 ping socket creation attempts due to lack
* of support in the kernel. Fallback to raw socket is necessary.
*
* https://github.com/iputils/iputils/issues/54
*
* 3) EPROTONOSUPPORT
*
* OpenVZ 2.6.32-042stab113.11 and possibly other older kernels return
* EPROTONOSUPPORT for all IPv6 ping socket creation attempts due to lack
* of support in the kernel. Fallback to raw socket is necessary.
*
* https://github.com/iputils/iputils/issues/54
*
*/
if (socktype == SOCK_DGRAM)
sock->fd = socket(family, socktype, protocol);
/* Kernel doesn't support ping sockets. */
if (sock->fd == -1 && errno == EAFNOSUPPORT && family == AF_INET)
do_fallback = 1;
if (sock->fd == -1 && errno == EPROTONOSUPPORT && family == AF_INET6)
do_fallback = 1;
/* User is not allowed to use ping sockets. */
if (sock->fd == -1 && errno == EACCES)
do_fallback = 1;
if (socktype == SOCK_RAW || do_fallback) {
socktype = SOCK_RAW;
sock->fd = socket(family, SOCK_RAW, protocol);
}
if (sock->fd == -1) {
/* Report error related to disabled IPv6 only when IPv6 also failed or in
* verbose mode. Report other errors always.
*/
if ((errno == EAFNOSUPPORT && socktype == AF_INET6) || options & F_VERBOSE || requisite)
fprintf(stderr, "ping: socket: %s\n", strerror(errno));
if (requisite)
exit(2);
} else
sock->socktype = socktype;
}
static void set_socket_option(socket_st *sock, int level, int optname, const void *optval, socklen_t optlen)
{
if (sock->fd == -1)
return;
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, level, optname, optval, optlen) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: setsockopt: %s\n", strerror(errno));
exit(2);
}
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct addrinfo hints = { .ai_family = AF_UNSPEC, .ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP, .ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM, .ai_flags = getaddrinfo_flags };
struct addrinfo *result, *ai;
int status;
int ch;
socket_st sock4 = { .fd = -1 };
socket_st sock6 = { .fd = -1 };
char *target;
limit_capabilities();
#ifdef USE_IDN
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
#endif
if (!strcmp(setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL), "C"))
hints.ai_flags &= ~ AI_CANONIDN;
/* Support being called using `ping4` or `ping6` symlinks */
if (argv[0][strlen(argv[0])-1] == '4')
hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
else if (argv[0][strlen(argv[0])-1] == '6')
hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
/* Parse command line options */
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "h?" "4bRT:" "6F:N:" "aABc:dDfi:I:l:Lm:M:nOp:qQ:rs:S:t:UvVw:W:")) != EOF) {
switch(ch) {
/* IPv4 specific options */
case '4':
if (hints.ai_family != AF_UNSPEC) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: Only one -4 or -6 option may be specified\n");
exit(2);
}
hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
break;
case 'b':
broadcast_pings = 1;
break;
case 'R':
if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -T or -R may be used\n");
exit(2);
}
options |= F_RROUTE;
break;
case 'T':
if (options & F_RROUTE) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -T or -R may be used\n");
exit(2);
}
options |= F_TIMESTAMP;
if (strcmp(optarg, "tsonly") == 0)
ts_type = IPOPT_TS_TSONLY;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "tsandaddr") == 0)
ts_type = IPOPT_TS_TSANDADDR;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "tsprespec") == 0)
ts_type = IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC;
else {
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid timestamp type\n");
exit(2);
}
break;
/* IPv6 specific options */
case '6':
if (hints.ai_family != AF_UNSPEC) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: Only one -4 or -6 option may be specified\n");
exit(2);
}
hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
break;
case 'F':
flowlabel = parseflow(optarg);
options |= F_FLOWINFO;
break;
case 'N':
if (niquery_option_handler(optarg) < 0) {
ping6_usage(0);
exit(2);
}
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
break;
/* Common options */
case 'a':
options |= F_AUDIBLE;
break;
case 'A':
options |= F_ADAPTIVE;
break;
case 'B':
options |= F_STRICTSOURCE;
break;
case 'c':
npackets = atoi(optarg);
if (npackets <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n");
exit(2);
}
break;
case 'd':
options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
break;
case 'D':
options |= F_PTIMEOFDAY;
break;
case 'i':
{
double dbl;
char *ep;
errno = 0;
#ifdef USE_IDN
setlocale(LC_ALL, "C");
#endif
dbl = strtod(optarg, &ep);
#ifdef USE_IDN
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
#endif
if (errno || *ep != '\0' ||
!finite(dbl) || dbl < 0.0 || dbl >= (double)INT_MAX / 1000 - 1.0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad timing interval\n");
exit(2);
}
interval = (int)(dbl * 1000);
options |= F_INTERVAL;
break;
}
case 'I':
/* IPv6 */
if (strchr(optarg, ':')) {
char *p, *addr = strdup(optarg);
if (!addr) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory\n");
exit(2);
}
p = strchr(addr, SCOPE_DELIMITER);
if (p) {
*p = '\0';
device = optarg + (p - addr) + 1;
}
if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr, (char*)&source6.sin6_addr) <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: invalid source address %s\n", optarg);
exit(2);
}
options |= F_STRICTSOURCE;
free(addr);
} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, optarg, &source.sin_addr) > 0) {
options |= F_STRICTSOURCE;
} else {
device = optarg;
}
break;
case 'l':
preload = atoi(optarg);
if (preload <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad preload value, should be 1..%d\n", MAX_DUP_CHK);
exit(2);
}
if (preload > MAX_DUP_CHK)
preload = MAX_DUP_CHK;
if (uid && preload > 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: cannot set preload to value > 3\n");
exit(2);
}
break;
case 'L':
options |= F_NOLOOP;
break;
case 'm':
{
char *endp;
mark = (int)strtoul(optarg, &endp, 10);
if (mark < 0 || *endp != '\0') {
fprintf(stderr, "mark cannot be negative\n");
exit(2);
}
options |= F_MARK;
break;
}
case 'M':
if (strcmp(optarg, "do") == 0)
pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DO;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "dont") == 0)
pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DONT;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "want") == 0)
pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_WANT;
else {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: wrong value for -M: do, dont, want are valid ones.\n");
exit(2);
}
break;
case 'n':
options |= F_NUMERIC;
break;
case 'O':
options |= F_OUTSTANDING;
break;
case 'f':
/* avoid `getaddrinfo()` during flood */
options |= F_FLOOD | F_NUMERIC;
setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
break;
case 'p':
options |= F_PINGFILLED;
fill(optarg, outpack, sizeof(outpack));
break;
case 'q':
options |= F_QUIET;
break;
case 'Q':
settos = parsetos(optarg); /* IPv4 */
tclass = settos; /* IPv6 */
break;
case 'r':
options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
break;
case 's':
datalen = atoi(optarg);
if (datalen < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: illegal negative packet size %d.\n", datalen);
exit(2);
}
if (datalen > MAXPACKET - 8) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: packet size too large: %d\n",
datalen);
exit(2);
}
break;
case 'S':
sndbuf = atoi(optarg);
if (sndbuf <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad sndbuf value.\n");
exit(2);
}
break;
case 't':
options |= F_TTL;
ttl = atoi(optarg);
if (ttl < 0 || ttl > 255) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: ttl %u out of range\n", ttl);
exit(2);
}
break;
case 'U':
options |= F_LATENCY;
break;
case 'v':
options |= F_VERBOSE;
break;
case 'V':
printf("ping utility, iputils-%s\n", SNAPSHOT);
exit(0);
case 'w':
deadline = atoi(optarg);
if (deadline < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad wait time.\n");
exit(2);
}
break;
case 'W':
lingertime = atoi(optarg);
if (lingertime < 0 || lingertime > INT_MAX/1000000) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad linger time.\n");
exit(2);
}
lingertime *= 1000;
break;
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (!argc)
usage();
target = argv[argc-1];
/* Create sockets */
enable_capability_raw();
if (hints.ai_family != AF_INET6)
create_socket(&sock4, AF_INET, hints.ai_socktype, IPPROTO_ICMP, hints.ai_family == AF_INET);
if (hints.ai_family != AF_INET) {
create_socket(&sock6, AF_INET6, hints.ai_socktype, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, sock4.fd == -1);
/* This may not be needed if both protocol versions always had the same value, but
* since I don't know that, it's better to be safe than sorry. */
pmtudisc = pmtudisc == IP_PMTUDISC_DO ? IPV6_PMTUDISC_DO :
pmtudisc == IP_PMTUDISC_DONT ? IPV6_PMTUDISC_DONT :
pmtudisc == IP_PMTUDISC_WANT ? IPV6_PMTUDISC_WANT : pmtudisc;
}
disable_capability_raw();
/* Limit address family on single-protocol systems */
if (hints.ai_family == AF_UNSPEC) {
if (sock4.fd == -1)
hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
else if (sock6.fd == -1)
hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
}
/* Set socket options */
if (settos)
set_socket_option(&sock4, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, &settos, sizeof settos);
if (tclass)
set_socket_option(&sock6, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_TCLASS, &tclass, sizeof tclass);
status = getaddrinfo(target, NULL, &hints, &result);
if (status) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: %s: %s\n", target, gai_strerror(status));
exit(2);
}
for (ai = result; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
switch (ai->ai_family) {
case AF_INET:
status = ping4_run(argc, argv, ai, &sock4);
break;
case AF_INET6:
status = ping6_run(argc, argv, ai, &sock6);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol family: %d\n", ai->ai_family);
exit(2);
}
if (status == 0)
break;
}
freeaddrinfo(result);
return status;
}
int ping4_run(int argc, char **argv, struct addrinfo *ai, socket_st *sock)
{
static const struct addrinfo hints = { .ai_family = AF_INET, .ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP, .ai_flags = getaddrinfo_flags };
int hold, packlen;
unsigned char *packet;
char *target;
char hnamebuf[NI_MAXHOST];
unsigned char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */
__u32 *tmp_rspace;
if (argc > 1) {
if (options & F_RROUTE)
usage();
else if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) {
if (ts_type != IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC)
usage();
if (argc > 5)
usage();
} else {
if (argc > 10)
usage();
options |= F_SOURCEROUTE;
}
}
while (argc > 0) {
target = *argv;
memset((char *)&whereto, 0, sizeof(whereto));
whereto.sin_family = AF_INET;
if (inet_aton(target, &whereto.sin_addr) == 1) {
hostname = target;
if (argc == 1)
options |= F_NUMERIC;
} else {
struct addrinfo *result = NULL;
int status;
if (argc > 1 || !ai) {
status = getaddrinfo(target, NULL, &hints, &result);
if (status) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: %s: %s\n", target, gai_strerror(status));
exit(2);
}
ai = result;
}
memcpy(&whereto, ai->ai_addr, sizeof whereto);
memset(hnamebuf, 0, sizeof hnamebuf);
if (ai->ai_canonname)
strncpy(hnamebuf, ai->ai_canonname, sizeof hnamebuf - 1);
hostname = hnamebuf;
if (result) {
freeaddrinfo(result);
ai = NULL;
}
}
if (argc > 1)
route[nroute++] = whereto.sin_addr.s_addr;
argc--;
argv++;
}
if (source.sin_addr.s_addr == 0) {
socklen_t alen;
struct sockaddr_in dst = whereto;
int probe_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (probe_fd < 0) {
perror("socket");
exit(2);
}
if (device) {
struct ifreq ifr;
int i;
int fds[2] = {probe_fd, sock->fd};
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, IFNAMSIZ-1);
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
int fd = fds[i];
int rc;
enable_capability_raw();
rc = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, device, strlen(device)+1);
disable_capability_raw();
if (rc == -1) {
if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(dst.sin_addr.s_addr))) {
struct ip_mreqn imr;
if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", device);
exit(2);
}
memset(&imr, 0, sizeof(imr));
imr.imr_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex;
if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &imr, sizeof(imr)) == -1) {
perror("ping: IP_MULTICAST_IF");
exit(2);
}
} else {
perror("ping: SO_BINDTODEVICE");
exit(2);
}
}
}
}
if (settos &&
setsockopt(probe_fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&settos, sizeof(int)) < 0)
perror("Warning: error setting QOS sockopts");
dst.sin_port = htons(1025);
if (nroute)
dst.sin_addr.s_addr = route[0];
if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1) {
if (errno == EACCES) {
if (broadcast_pings == 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Do you want to ping broadcast? Then -b. If not, check your local firewall rules.\n");
exit(2);
}
fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: pinging broadcast address\n");
if (setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST,
&broadcast_pings, sizeof(broadcast_pings)) < 0) {
perror ("can't set broadcasting");
exit(2);
}
if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1) {
perror("connect");
exit(2);
}
} else {
perror("connect");
exit(2);
}
}
alen = sizeof(source);
if (getsockname(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&source, &alen) == -1) {
perror("getsockname");
exit(2);
}
source.sin_port = 0;
#ifndef WITHOUT_IFADDRS
if (device) {
struct ifaddrs *ifa0, *ifa;
int ret;
ret = getifaddrs(&ifa0);
if (ret) {
fprintf(stderr, "gatifaddrs() failed.\n");
exit(2);
}
for (ifa = ifa0; ifa; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
if (!ifa->ifa_addr || ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
continue;
if (!strncmp(ifa->ifa_name, device, sizeof(device) - 1) &&
!memcmp(&((struct sockaddr_in *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr,
&source.sin_addr, sizeof(source.sin_addr)))
break;
}
freeifaddrs(ifa0);
if (!ifa)
fprintf(stderr, "ping: Warning: source address might be selected on device other than %s.\n", device);
}
#endif
close(probe_fd);
} while (0);
if (whereto.sin_addr.s_addr == 0)
whereto.sin_addr.s_addr = source.sin_addr.s_addr;
if (device) {
struct ifreq ifr;
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, IFNAMSIZ-1);
if (ioctl(sock->fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", device);
exit(2);
}
cmsg.ipi.ipi_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex;
cmsg_len = sizeof(cmsg);
}
if (broadcast_pings || IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) {
if (uid) {
if (interval < 1000) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: broadcast ping with too short interval.\n");
exit(2);
}
if (pmtudisc >= 0 && pmtudisc != IP_PMTUDISC_DO) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: broadcast ping does not fragment.\n");
exit(2);
}
}
if (pmtudisc < 0)
pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DO;
}
if (pmtudisc >= 0) {
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_IP, IP_MTU_DISCOVER, &pmtudisc, sizeof pmtudisc) == -1) {
perror("ping: IP_MTU_DISCOVER");
exit(2);
}
}
if ((options&F_STRICTSOURCE) &&
bind(sock->fd, (struct sockaddr *) &source, sizeof source) == -1) {
perror("bind");
exit(2);
}
if (sock->socktype == SOCK_RAW) {
struct icmp_filter filt;
filt.data = ~((1<<ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH)|
(1<<ICMP_DEST_UNREACH)|
(1<<ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED)|
(1<<ICMP_PARAMETERPROB)|
(1<<ICMP_REDIRECT)|
(1<<ICMP_ECHOREPLY));
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_RAW, ICMP_FILTER, &filt, sizeof filt) == -1)
perror("WARNING: setsockopt(ICMP_FILTER)");
}
hold = 1;
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_IP, IP_RECVERR, &hold, sizeof hold))
fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: your kernel is veeery old. No problems.\n");
if (sock->socktype == SOCK_DGRAM) {
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_IP, IP_RECVTTL, &hold, sizeof hold))
perror("WARNING: setsockopt(IP_RECVTTL)");
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_IP, IP_RETOPTS, &hold, sizeof hold))
perror("WARNING: setsockopt(IP_RETOPTS)");
}
/* record route option */
if (options & F_RROUTE) {
memset(rspace, 0, sizeof(rspace));
rspace[0] = IPOPT_NOP;
rspace[1+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
rspace[1+IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1;
rspace[1+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
optlen = 40;
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, sizeof rspace) < 0) {
perror("ping: record route");
exit(2);
}
}
if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) {
memset(rspace, 0, sizeof(rspace));
rspace[0] = IPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
rspace[1] = (ts_type==IPOPT_TS_TSONLY ? 40 : 36);
rspace[2] = 5;
rspace[3] = ts_type;
if (ts_type == IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC) {
int i;
rspace[1] = 4+nroute*8;
for (i = 0; i < nroute; i++) {
tmp_rspace = (__u32*)&rspace[4+i*8];
*tmp_rspace = route[i];
}
}
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, rspace[1]) < 0) {
rspace[3] = 2;
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, rspace[1]) < 0) {
perror("ping: ts option");
exit(2);
}
}
optlen = 40;
}
if (options & F_SOURCEROUTE) {
int i;
memset(rspace, 0, sizeof(rspace));
rspace[0] = IPOPT_NOOP;
rspace[1+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) ? IPOPT_SSRR
: IPOPT_LSRR;
rspace[1+IPOPT_OLEN] = 3 + nroute*4;
rspace[1+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
for (i = 0; i < nroute; i++) {
tmp_rspace = (__u32*)&rspace[4+i*4];
*tmp_rspace = route[i];
}
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 4 + nroute*4) < 0) {
perror("ping: record route");
exit(2);
}
optlen = 40;
}
/* Estimate memory eaten by single packet. It is rough estimate.
* Actually, for small datalen's it depends on kernel side a lot. */
hold = datalen + 8;
hold += ((hold+511)/512)*(optlen + 20 + 16 + 64 + 160);
sock_setbufs(sock, hold);
if (broadcast_pings) {
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &broadcast_pings, sizeof broadcast_pings) < 0) {
perror ("ping: can't set broadcasting");
exit(2);
}
}
if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
int loop = 0;
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, sizeof loop) == -1) {
perror ("ping: can't disable multicast loopback");
exit(2);
}
}
if (options & F_TTL) {
int ittl = ttl;
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &ttl, sizeof ttl) == -1) {
perror ("ping: can't set multicast time-to-live");
exit(2);
}
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ittl, sizeof ittl) == -1) {
perror ("ping: can't set unicast time-to-live");
exit(2);
}
}
if (datalen > 0xFFFF - 8 - optlen - 20) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: packet size %d is too large. Maximum is %d\n", datalen, 0xFFFF-8-20-optlen);
exit(2);
}
if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */
timing = 1;
packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN;
if (!(packet = (unsigned char *)malloc((unsigned int)packlen))) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n");
exit(2);
}
printf("PING %s (%s) ", hostname, inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr));
if (device || (options&F_STRICTSOURCE))
printf("from %s %s: ", inet_ntoa(source.sin_addr), device ?: "");
printf("%d(%d) bytes of data.\n", datalen, datalen+8+optlen+20);
setup(sock);
main_loop(&ping4_func_set, sock, packet, packlen);
}
int ping4_receive_error_msg(socket_st *sock)
{
int res;
char cbuf[512];
struct iovec iov;
struct msghdr msg;
struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
struct sock_extended_err *e;
struct icmphdr icmph;
struct sockaddr_in target;
int net_errors = 0;
int local_errors = 0;
int saved_errno = errno;
iov.iov_base = &icmph;
iov.iov_len = sizeof(icmph);
msg.msg_name = (void*)⌖
msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(target);
msg.msg_iov = &iov;
msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
msg.msg_flags = 0;
msg.msg_control = cbuf;
msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(cbuf);
res = recvmsg(sock->fd, &msg, MSG_ERRQUEUE|MSG_DONTWAIT);
if (res < 0)
goto out;
e = NULL;
for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) {
if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_IP) {
if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_RECVERR)
e = (struct sock_extended_err *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
}
}
if (e == NULL)
abort();
if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL) {
local_errors++;
if (options & F_QUIET)
goto out;
if (options & F_FLOOD)
write_stdout("E", 1);
else if (e->ee_errno != EMSGSIZE)
fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: %s\n", strerror(e->ee_errno));
else
fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: Message too long, mtu=%u\n", e->ee_info);
nerrors++;
} else if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP) {
struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*)(e+1);
if (res < sizeof(icmph) ||
target.sin_addr.s_addr != whereto.sin_addr.s_addr ||
icmph.type != ICMP_ECHO ||
!is_ours(sock, icmph.un.echo.id)) {
/* Not our error, not an error at all. Clear. */
saved_errno = 0;
goto out;
}
acknowledge(ntohs(icmph.un.echo.sequence));
net_errors++;
nerrors++;
if (options & F_QUIET)
goto out;
if (options & F_FLOOD) {
write_stdout("\bE", 2);
} else {
print_timestamp();
printf("From %s icmp_seq=%u ", pr_addr(sin, sizeof *sin), ntohs(icmph.un.echo.sequence));
pr_icmph(e->ee_type, e->ee_code, e->ee_info, NULL);
fflush(stdout);
}
}
out:
errno = saved_errno;
return net_errors ? : -local_errors;
}
/*
* pinger --
* Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet
* will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
* and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes
* of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX
* byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
*/
int ping4_send_probe(socket_st *sock, void *packet, unsigned packet_size)
{
struct icmphdr *icp;
int cc;
int i;
icp = (struct icmphdr *)packet;
icp->type = ICMP_ECHO;
icp->code = 0;
icp->checksum = 0;
icp->un.echo.sequence = htons(ntransmitted+1);
icp->un.echo.id = ident; /* ID */
rcvd_clear(ntransmitted+1);
if (timing) {
if (options&F_LATENCY) {
struct timeval tmp_tv;
gettimeofday(&tmp_tv, NULL);
memcpy(icp+1, &tmp_tv, sizeof(tmp_tv));
} else {
memset(icp+1, 0, sizeof(struct timeval));
}
}
cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */
/* compute ICMP checksum here */
icp->checksum = in_cksum((unsigned short *)icp, cc, 0);
if (timing && !(options&F_LATENCY)) {
struct timeval tmp_tv;
gettimeofday(&tmp_tv, NULL);
memcpy(icp+1, &tmp_tv, sizeof(tmp_tv));
icp->checksum = in_cksum((unsigned short *)&tmp_tv, sizeof(tmp_tv), ~icp->checksum);
}
i = sendto(sock->fd, icp, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
return (cc == i ? 0 : i);
}
/*
* parse_reply --
* Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary
* because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
* which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this
* program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
*/
static
void pr_echo_reply(__u8 *_icp, int len)
{
struct icmphdr *icp = (struct icmphdr *)_icp;
printf(" icmp_seq=%u", ntohs(icp->un.echo.sequence));
}
int
ping4_parse_reply(struct socket_st *sock, struct msghdr *msg, int cc, void *addr, struct timeval *tv)
{
struct sockaddr_in *from = addr;
__u8 *buf = msg->msg_iov->iov_base;
struct icmphdr *icp;
struct iphdr *ip;
int hlen;
int csfailed;
struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
int ttl;
__u8 *opts, *tmp_ttl;
int optlen;
/* Check the IP header */
ip = (struct iphdr *)buf;
if (sock->socktype == SOCK_RAW) {
hlen = ip->ihl*4;
if (cc < hlen + 8 || ip->ihl < 5) {
if (options & F_VERBOSE)
fprintf(stderr, "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
pr_addr(from, sizeof *from));
return 1;
}
ttl = ip->ttl;
opts = buf + sizeof(struct iphdr);
optlen = hlen - sizeof(struct iphdr);
} else {
hlen = 0;
ttl = 0;
opts = buf;
optlen = 0;
for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(msg, cmsg)) {
if (cmsg->cmsg_level != SOL_IP)
continue;
if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_TTL) {
if (cmsg->cmsg_len < sizeof(int))
continue;
tmp_ttl = (__u8 *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
ttl = (int)*tmp_ttl;
} else if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_RETOPTS) {
opts = (__u8 *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
optlen = cmsg->cmsg_len;
}
}
}
/* Now the ICMP part */
cc -= hlen;
icp = (struct icmphdr *)(buf + hlen);
csfailed = in_cksum((unsigned short *)icp, cc, 0);
if (icp->type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
if (!is_ours(sock, icp->un.echo.id))
return 1; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
if (!contains_pattern_in_payload((__u8*)(icp+1)))
return 1; /* 'Twas really not our ECHO */
if (gather_statistics((__u8*)icp, sizeof(*icp), cc,
ntohs(icp->un.echo.sequence),
ttl, csfailed, tv, pr_addr(from, sizeof *from),
pr_echo_reply)) {
fflush(stdout);
return 0;
}
} else {
/* We fall here when a redirect or source quench arrived. */
switch (icp->type) {
case ICMP_ECHO:
/* MUST NOT */
return 1;
case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH:
case ICMP_REDIRECT:
case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH:
case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED:
case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB:
{
struct iphdr * iph = (struct iphdr *)(&icp[1]);
struct icmphdr *icp1 = (struct icmphdr*)((unsigned char *)iph + iph->ihl*4);
int error_pkt;
if (cc < 8+sizeof(struct iphdr)+8 ||
cc < 8+iph->ihl*4+8)
return 1;
if (icp1->type != ICMP_ECHO ||
iph->daddr != whereto.sin_addr.s_addr ||
!is_ours(sock, icp1->un.echo.id))
return 1;
error_pkt = (icp->type != ICMP_REDIRECT &&
icp->type != ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH);
if (error_pkt) {
acknowledge(ntohs(icp1->un.echo.sequence));
return 0;
}
if (options & (F_QUIET | F_FLOOD))
return 1;
print_timestamp();
printf("From %s: icmp_seq=%u ",
pr_addr(from, sizeof *from),
ntohs(icp1->un.echo.sequence));
if (csfailed)
printf("(BAD CHECKSUM)");
pr_icmph(icp->type, icp->code, ntohl(icp->un.gateway), icp);
return 1;
}
default:
/* MUST NOT */
break;
}
if ((options & F_FLOOD) && !(options & (F_VERBOSE|F_QUIET))) {
if (!csfailed)
write_stdout("!E", 2);
else
write_stdout("!EC", 3);
return 0;
}
if (!(options & F_VERBOSE) || uid)
return 0;
if (options & F_PTIMEOFDAY) {
struct timeval recv_time;
gettimeofday(&recv_time, NULL);
printf("%lu.%06lu ", (unsigned long)recv_time.tv_sec, (unsigned long)recv_time.tv_usec);
}
printf("From %s: ", pr_addr(from, sizeof *from));
if (csfailed) {
printf("(BAD CHECKSUM)\n");
return 0;
}
pr_icmph(icp->type, icp->code, ntohl(icp->un.gateway), icp);
return 0;
}
if (options & F_AUDIBLE) {
putchar('\a');
if(options & F_FLOOD)
fflush(stdout);
}
if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
pr_options(opts, optlen + sizeof(struct iphdr));
putchar('\n');
fflush(stdout);
}
return 0;
}
#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
# define ODDBYTE(v) (v)
#elif BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
# define ODDBYTE(v) ((unsigned short)(v) << 8)
#else
# define ODDBYTE(v) htons((unsigned short)(v) << 8)
#endif
unsigned short
in_cksum(const unsigned short *addr, register int len, unsigned short csum)
{
register int nleft = len;
const unsigned short *w = addr;
register unsigned short answer;
register int sum = csum;
/*
* Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum),
* we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold
* back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower
* 16 bits.
*/
while (nleft > 1) {
sum += *w++;
nleft -= 2;
}
/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
if (nleft == 1)
sum += ODDBYTE(*(unsigned char *)w); /* le16toh() may be unavailable on old systems */
/*
* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits
*/
sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */
answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */
return (answer);
}
/*
* pr_icmph --
* Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
*/
void pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info, struct icmphdr *icp)
{
switch(type) {
case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
printf("Echo Reply\n");
/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
break;
case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH:
switch(code) {
case ICMP_NET_UNREACH:
printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
break;
case ICMP_HOST_UNREACH:
printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
break;
case ICMP_PROT_UNREACH:
printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
break;
case ICMP_PORT_UNREACH:
printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
break;
case ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED:
printf("Frag needed and DF set (mtu = %u)\n", info);
break;
case ICMP_SR_FAILED:
printf("Source Route Failed\n");
break;
case ICMP_NET_UNKNOWN:
printf("Destination Net Unknown\n");
break;
case ICMP_HOST_UNKNOWN:
printf("Destination Host Unknown\n");
break;
case ICMP_HOST_ISOLATED:
printf("Source Host Isolated\n");
break;
case ICMP_NET_ANO:
printf("Destination Net Prohibited\n");
break;
case ICMP_HOST_ANO:
printf("Destination Host Prohibited\n");
break;
case ICMP_NET_UNR_TOS:
printf("Destination Net Unreachable for Type of Service\n");
break;
case ICMP_HOST_UNR_TOS:
printf("Destination Host Unreachable for Type of Service\n");
break;
case ICMP_PKT_FILTERED:
printf("Packet filtered\n");
break;
case ICMP_PREC_VIOLATION:
printf("Precedence Violation\n");
break;
case ICMP_PREC_CUTOFF:
printf("Precedence Cutoff\n");
break;
default:
printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", code);
break;
}
if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE))
pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1));
break;
case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH:
printf("Source Quench\n");
if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE))
pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1));
break;
case ICMP_REDIRECT:
switch(code) {
case ICMP_REDIR_NET:
printf("Redirect Network");
break;
case ICMP_REDIR_HOST:
printf("Redirect Host");
break;
case ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS:
printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
break;
case ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS:
printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
break;
default:
printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", code);
break;
}
{
struct sockaddr_in sin = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_addr = { icp ? icp->un.gateway : info } };
printf("(New nexthop: %s)\n", pr_addr(&sin, sizeof sin));
}
if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE))
pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1));
break;
case ICMP_ECHO:
printf("Echo Request\n");
/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
break;
case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED:
switch(code) {
case ICMP_EXC_TTL:
printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
break;
case ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME:
printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
break;
default:
printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", code);
break;
}
if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE))
pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1));
break;
case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB:
printf("Parameter problem: pointer = %u\n", icp ? (ntohl(icp->un.gateway)>>24) : info);
if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE))
pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1));
break;
case ICMP_TIMESTAMP:
printf("Timestamp\n");
/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
break;
case ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY:
printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
break;
case ICMP_INFO_REQUEST:
printf("Information Request\n");
/* XXX ID + Seq */
break;
case ICMP_INFO_REPLY:
printf("Information Reply\n");
/* XXX ID + Seq */
break;
#ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ
case ICMP_MASKREQ:
printf("Address Mask Request\n");
break;
#endif
#ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY
case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
break;
#endif
default:
printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", type);
}
}
void pr_options(unsigned char * cp, int hlen)
{
int i, j;
int optlen, totlen;
unsigned char * optptr;
static int old_rrlen;
static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
totlen = hlen-sizeof(struct iphdr);
optptr = cp;
while (totlen > 0) {
if (*optptr == IPOPT_EOL)
break;
if (*optptr == IPOPT_NOP) {
totlen--;
optptr++;
printf("\nNOP");
continue;
}
cp = optptr;
optlen = optptr[1];
if (optlen < 2 || optlen > totlen)
break;
switch (*cp) {
case IPOPT_SSRR:
case IPOPT_LSRR:
printf("\n%cSRR: ", *cp==IPOPT_SSRR ? 'S' : 'L');
j = *++cp;
cp++;
if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) {
for (;;) {
__u32 address;
memcpy(&address, cp, 4);
cp += 4;
if (address == 0)
printf("\t0.0.0.0");
else {
struct sockaddr_in sin = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_addr = { address } };
printf("\t%s", pr_addr(&sin, sizeof sin));
}
j -= 4;
putchar('\n');
if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF)
break;
}
}
break;
case IPOPT_RR:
j = *++cp; /* get length */
i = *++cp; /* and pointer */
if (i > j)
i = j;
i -= IPOPT_MINOFF;
if (i <= 0)
break;
if (i == old_rrlen
&& !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)
&& !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
printf("\t(same route)");
break;
}
old_rrlen = i;
memcpy(old_rr, (char *)cp, i);
printf("\nRR: ");
cp++;
for (;;) {
__u32 address;
memcpy(&address, cp, 4);
cp += 4;
if (address == 0)
printf("\t0.0.0.0");
else {
struct sockaddr_in sin = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_addr = { address } };
printf("\t%s", pr_addr(&sin, sizeof sin));
}
i -= 4;
putchar('\n');
if (i <= 0)
break;
}
break;
case IPOPT_TS:
{
int stdtime = 0, nonstdtime = 0;
__u8 flags;
j = *++cp; /* get length */
i = *++cp; /* and pointer */
if (i > j)
i = j;
i -= 5;
if (i <= 0)
break;
flags = *++cp;
printf("\nTS: ");
cp++;
for (;;) {
long l;
if ((flags&0xF) != IPOPT_TS_TSONLY) {
__u32 address;
memcpy(&address, cp, 4);
cp += 4;
if (address == 0)
printf("\t0.0.0.0");
else {
struct sockaddr_in sin = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_addr = { address } };
printf("\t%s", pr_addr(&sin, sizeof sin));
}
i -= 4;
if (i <= 0)
break;
}
l = *cp++;
l = (l<<8) + *cp++;
l = (l<<8) + *cp++;
l = (l<<8) + *cp++;
if (l & 0x80000000) {
if (nonstdtime==0)
printf("\t%ld absolute not-standard", l&0x7fffffff);
else
printf("\t%ld not-standard", (l&0x7fffffff) - nonstdtime);
nonstdtime = l&0x7fffffff;
} else {
if (stdtime==0)
printf("\t%ld absolute", l);
else
printf("\t%ld", l - stdtime);
stdtime = l;
}
i -= 4;
putchar('\n');
if (i <= 0)
break;
}
if (flags>>4)
printf("Unrecorded hops: %d\n", flags>>4);
break;
}
default:
printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
break;
}
totlen -= optlen;
optptr += optlen;
}
}
/*
* pr_iph --
* Print an IP header with options.
*/
void pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip)
{
int hlen;
unsigned char *cp;
hlen = ip->ihl << 2;
cp = (unsigned char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */
printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n");
printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x",
ip->version, ip->ihl, ip->tos, ip->tot_len, ip->id);
printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->frag_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
(ip->frag_off) & 0x1fff);
printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ttl, ip->protocol, ip->check);
printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->saddr));
printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->daddr));
printf("\n");
pr_options(cp, hlen);
}
/*
* pr_addr --
*
* Return an ascii host address optionally with a hostname.
*/
char *
pr_addr(void *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
static char buffer[4096] = "";
static struct sockaddr_storage last_sa = { 0 };
static socklen_t last_salen = 0;
char name[NI_MAXHOST] = "";
char address[NI_MAXHOST] = "";
if (salen == last_salen && !memcmp(sa, &last_sa, salen))
return buffer;
memcpy(&last_sa, sa, (last_salen = salen));
in_pr_addr = !setjmp(pr_addr_jmp);
getnameinfo(sa, salen, address, sizeof address, NULL, 0, getnameinfo_flags | NI_NUMERICHOST);
if (!exiting && !(options & F_NUMERIC))
getnameinfo(sa, salen, name, sizeof name, NULL, 0, getnameinfo_flags);
if (*name)
snprintf(buffer, sizeof buffer, "%s (%s)", name, address);
else
snprintf(buffer, sizeof buffer, "%s", address);
in_pr_addr = 0;
return(buffer);
}
/* Set Type of Service (TOS) and other Quality of Service relating bits */
int parsetos(char *str)
{
const char *cp;
int tos;
char *ep;
/* handle both hex and decimal values */
if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) {
cp = str + 2;
tos = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16);
} else
tos = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10);
/* doesn't look like decimal or hex, eh? */
if (*ep != '\0') {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: \"%s\" bad value for TOS\n", str);
exit(2);
}
if (tos > TOS_MAX) {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: the decimal value of TOS bits must be in range 0-255\n");
exit(2);
}
return(tos);
}
int parseflow(char *str)
{
const char *cp;
unsigned long val;
char *ep;
/* handle both hex and decimal values */
if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) {
cp = str + 2;
val = (int)strtoul(cp, &ep, 16);
} else
val = (int)strtoul(str, &ep, 10);
/* doesn't look like decimal or hex, eh? */
if (*ep != '\0') {
fprintf(stderr, "ping: \"%s\" bad value for flowinfo\n", str);
exit(2);
}
if (val & ~IPV6_FLOWINFO_FLOWLABEL) { /* Flow is 20 bit value */
fprintf(stderr, "ping: \"%s\" value is greater than 20 bits.\n", str);
exit(2);
}
return(val);
}
void ping4_install_filter(socket_st *sock)
{
static int once;
static struct sock_filter insns[] = {
BPF_STMT(BPF_LDX|BPF_B|BPF_MSH, 0), /* Skip IP header. F..g BSD... Look into ping6. */
BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_H|BPF_IND, 4), /* Load icmp echo ident */
BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, 0xAAAA, 0, 1), /* Ours? */
BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, ~0U), /* Yes, it passes. */
BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_B|BPF_IND, 0), /* Load icmp type */
BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, ICMP_ECHOREPLY, 1, 0), /* Echo? */
BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0xFFFFFFF), /* No. It passes. */
BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0) /* Echo with wrong ident. Reject. */
};
static struct sock_fprog filter = {
sizeof insns / sizeof(insns[0]),
insns
};
if (once)
return;
once = 1;
/* Patch bpflet for current identifier. */
insns[2] = (struct sock_filter)BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, htons(ident), 0, 1);
if (setsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter, sizeof(filter)))
perror("WARNING: failed to install socket filter\n");
}
#define USAGE_NEWLINE "\n "
void usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Usage: ping"
" [-"
"aAbBdDfhLnOqrRUvV64"
"]"
" [-c count]"
" [-i interval]"
" [-I interface]"
USAGE_NEWLINE
" [-m mark]"
" [-M pmtudisc_option]"
" [-l preload]"
" [-p pattern]"
" [-Q tos]"
USAGE_NEWLINE
" [-s packetsize]"
" [-S sndbuf]"
" [-t ttl]"
" [-T timestamp_option]"
USAGE_NEWLINE
" [-w deadline]"
" [-W timeout]"
" [hop1 ...] destination"
"\n"
);
ping6_usage(1);
exit(2);
}