/* An expandable hash tables datatype.
Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2009, 2010
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by Vladimir Makarov (vmakarov@cygnus.com).
This file is part of the libiberty library.
Libiberty is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
Libiberty is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Library General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
/* This package implements basic hash table functionality. It is possible
to search for an entry, create an entry and destroy an entry.
Elements in the table are generic pointers.
The size of the table is not fixed; if the occupancy of the table
grows too high the hash table will be expanded.
The abstract data implementation is based on generalized Algorithm D
from Knuth's book "The art of computer programming". Hash table is
expanded by creation of new hash table and transferring elements from
the old table to the new table. */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "hashtab.h"
#include <endian.h>
#if __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
# define WORDS_BIGENDIAN 1
#endif
/* This macro defines reserved value for empty table entry. */
#define EMPTY_ENTRY ((void *) 0)
/* This macro defines reserved value for table entry which contained
a deleted element. */
#define DELETED_ENTRY ((void *) 1)
static unsigned long higher_prime_number (unsigned long);
static hashval_t hash_pointer (const void *);
static int eq_pointer (const void *, const void *);
static int htab_expand (htab_t);
static void **find_empty_slot_for_expand (htab_t, hashval_t);
/* At some point, we could make these be NULL, and modify the
hash-table routines to handle NULL specially; that would avoid
function-call overhead for the common case of hashing pointers. */
htab_hash htab_hash_pointer = hash_pointer;
htab_eq htab_eq_pointer = eq_pointer;
/* The following function returns a nearest prime number which is
greater than N, and near a power of two. */
static unsigned long
higher_prime_number (n)
unsigned long n;
{
/* These are primes that are near, but slightly smaller than, a
power of two. */
static unsigned long primes[] = {
(unsigned long) 7,
(unsigned long) 13,
(unsigned long) 31,
(unsigned long) 61,
(unsigned long) 127,
(unsigned long) 251,
(unsigned long) 509,
(unsigned long) 1021,
(unsigned long) 2039,
(unsigned long) 4093,
(unsigned long) 8191,
(unsigned long) 16381,
(unsigned long) 32749,
(unsigned long) 65521,
(unsigned long) 131071,
(unsigned long) 262139,
(unsigned long) 524287,
(unsigned long) 1048573,
(unsigned long) 2097143,
(unsigned long) 4194301,
(unsigned long) 8388593,
(unsigned long) 16777213,
(unsigned long) 33554393,
(unsigned long) 67108859,
(unsigned long) 134217689,
(unsigned long) 268435399,
(unsigned long) 536870909,
(unsigned long) 1073741789,
(unsigned long) 2147483647,
/* 4294967291L */
((unsigned long) 2147483647) + ((unsigned long) 2147483644),
};
unsigned long* low = &primes[0];
unsigned long* high = &primes[sizeof(primes) / sizeof(primes[0])];
while (low != high)
{
unsigned long* mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
if (n > *mid)
low = mid + 1;
else
high = mid;
}
/* If we've run out of primes, abort. */
if (n > *low)
{
fprintf (stderr, "Cannot find prime bigger than %lu\n", n);
abort ();
}
return *low;
}
/* Returns a hash code for P. */
static hashval_t
hash_pointer (p)
const void * p;
{
return (hashval_t) ((long)p >> 3);
}
/* Returns non-zero if P1 and P2 are equal. */
static int
eq_pointer (p1, p2)
const void * p1;
const void * p2;
{
return p1 == p2;
}
/* This function creates table with length slightly longer than given
source length. The created hash table is initiated as empty (all the
hash table entries are EMPTY_ENTRY). The function returns the created
hash table. Memory allocation may fail; it may return NULL. */
htab_t
htab_try_create (size, hash_f, eq_f, del_f)
size_t size;
htab_hash hash_f;
htab_eq eq_f;
htab_del del_f;
{
htab_t result;
size = higher_prime_number (size);
result = (htab_t) calloc (1, sizeof (struct htab));
if (result == NULL)
return NULL;
result->entries = (void **) calloc (size, sizeof (void *));
if (result->entries == NULL)
{
free (result);
return NULL;
}
result->size = size;
result->hash_f = hash_f;
result->eq_f = eq_f;
result->del_f = del_f;
result->return_allocation_failure = 1;
return result;
}
/* This function frees all memory allocated for given hash table.
Naturally the hash table must already exist. */
void
htab_delete (htab)
htab_t htab;
{
int i;
if (htab->del_f)
for (i = htab->size - 1; i >= 0; i--)
if (htab->entries[i] != EMPTY_ENTRY
&& htab->entries[i] != DELETED_ENTRY)
(*htab->del_f) (htab->entries[i]);
free (htab->entries);
free (htab);
}
/* This function clears all entries in the given hash table. */
void
htab_empty (htab)
htab_t htab;
{
int i;
if (htab->del_f)
for (i = htab->size - 1; i >= 0; i--)
if (htab->entries[i] != EMPTY_ENTRY
&& htab->entries[i] != DELETED_ENTRY)
(*htab->del_f) (htab->entries[i]);
memset (htab->entries, 0, htab->size * sizeof (void *));
htab->n_deleted = 0;
htab->n_elements = 0;
}
/* Similar to htab_find_slot, but without several unwanted side effects:
- Does not call htab->eq_f when it finds an existing entry.
- Does not change the count of elements/searches/collisions in the
hash table.
This function also assumes there are no deleted entries in the table.
HASH is the hash value for the element to be inserted. */
static void **
find_empty_slot_for_expand (htab, hash)
htab_t htab;
hashval_t hash;
{
size_t size = htab->size;
unsigned int index = hash % size;
void **slot = htab->entries + index;
hashval_t hash2;
if (*slot == EMPTY_ENTRY)
return slot;
else if (*slot == DELETED_ENTRY)
abort ();
hash2 = 1 + hash % (size - 2);
for (;;)
{
index += hash2;
if (index >= size)
index -= size;
slot = htab->entries + index;
if (*slot == EMPTY_ENTRY)
return slot;
else if (*slot == DELETED_ENTRY)
abort ();
}
}
/* The following function changes size of memory allocated for the
entries and repeatedly inserts the table elements. The occupancy
of the table after the call will be about 50%. Naturally the hash
table must already exist. Remember also that the place of the
table entries is changed. If memory allocation failures are allowed,
this function will return zero, indicating that the table could not be
expanded. If all goes well, it will return a non-zero value. */
static int
htab_expand (htab)
htab_t htab;
{
void **oentries;
void **olimit;
void **p;
oentries = htab->entries;
olimit = oentries + htab->size;
htab->size = higher_prime_number (htab->size * 2);
if (htab->return_allocation_failure)
{
void **nentries = (void **) calloc (htab->size, sizeof (void **));
if (nentries == NULL)
return 0;
htab->entries = nentries;
}
htab->n_elements -= htab->n_deleted;
htab->n_deleted = 0;
p = oentries;
do
{
void * x = *p;
if (x != EMPTY_ENTRY && x != DELETED_ENTRY)
{
void **q = find_empty_slot_for_expand (htab, (*htab->hash_f) (x));
*q = x;
}
p++;
}
while (p < olimit);
free (oentries);
return 1;
}
/* This function searches for a hash table entry equal to the given
element. It cannot be used to insert or delete an element. */
void *
htab_find_with_hash (htab, element, hash)
htab_t htab;
const void * element;
hashval_t hash;
{
unsigned int index;
hashval_t hash2;
size_t size;
void * entry;
htab->searches++;
size = htab->size;
index = hash % size;
entry = htab->entries[index];
if (entry == EMPTY_ENTRY
|| (entry != DELETED_ENTRY && (*htab->eq_f) (entry, element)))
return entry;
hash2 = 1 + hash % (size - 2);
for (;;)
{
htab->collisions++;
index += hash2;
if (index >= size)
index -= size;
entry = htab->entries[index];
if (entry == EMPTY_ENTRY
|| (entry != DELETED_ENTRY && (*htab->eq_f) (entry, element)))
return entry;
}
}
/* Like htab_find_slot_with_hash, but compute the hash value from the
element. */
void *
htab_find (htab, element)
htab_t htab;
const void * element;
{
return htab_find_with_hash (htab, element, (*htab->hash_f) (element));
}
/* This function searches for a hash table slot containing an entry
equal to the given element. To delete an entry, call this with
INSERT = 0, then call htab_clear_slot on the slot returned (possibly
after doing some checks). To insert an entry, call this with
INSERT = 1, then write the value you want into the returned slot.
When inserting an entry, NULL may be returned if memory allocation
fails. */
void **
htab_find_slot_with_hash (htab, element, hash, insert)
htab_t htab;
const void * element;
hashval_t hash;
enum insert_option insert;
{
void **first_deleted_slot;
unsigned int index;
hashval_t hash2;
size_t size;
void * entry;
if (insert == INSERT && htab->size * 3 <= htab->n_elements * 4
&& htab_expand (htab) == 0)
return NULL;
size = htab->size;
index = hash % size;
htab->searches++;
first_deleted_slot = NULL;
entry = htab->entries[index];
if (entry == EMPTY_ENTRY)
goto empty_entry;
else if (entry == DELETED_ENTRY)
first_deleted_slot = &htab->entries[index];
else if ((*htab->eq_f) (entry, element))
return &htab->entries[index];
hash2 = 1 + hash % (size - 2);
for (;;)
{
htab->collisions++;
index += hash2;
if (index >= size)
index -= size;
entry = htab->entries[index];
if (entry == EMPTY_ENTRY)
goto empty_entry;
else if (entry == DELETED_ENTRY)
{
if (!first_deleted_slot)
first_deleted_slot = &htab->entries[index];
}
else if ((*htab->eq_f) (entry, element))
return &htab->entries[index];
}
empty_entry:
if (insert == NO_INSERT)
return NULL;
htab->n_elements++;
if (first_deleted_slot)
{
*first_deleted_slot = EMPTY_ENTRY;
return first_deleted_slot;
}
return &htab->entries[index];
}
/* Like htab_find_slot_with_hash, but compute the hash value from the
element. */
void **
htab_find_slot (htab, element, insert)
htab_t htab;
const void * element;
enum insert_option insert;
{
return htab_find_slot_with_hash (htab, element, (*htab->hash_f) (element),
insert);
}
/* This function deletes an element with the given value from hash
table. If there is no matching element in the hash table, this
function does nothing. */
void
htab_remove_elt (htab, element)
htab_t htab;
void * element;
{
void **slot;
slot = htab_find_slot (htab, element, NO_INSERT);
if (*slot == EMPTY_ENTRY)
return;
if (htab->del_f)
(*htab->del_f) (*slot);
*slot = DELETED_ENTRY;
htab->n_deleted++;
}
/* This function clears a specified slot in a hash table. It is
useful when you've already done the lookup and don't want to do it
again. */
void
htab_clear_slot (htab, slot)
htab_t htab;
void **slot;
{
if (slot < htab->entries || slot >= htab->entries + htab->size
|| *slot == EMPTY_ENTRY || *slot == DELETED_ENTRY)
abort ();
if (htab->del_f)
(*htab->del_f) (*slot);
*slot = DELETED_ENTRY;
htab->n_deleted++;
}
/* This function scans over the entire hash table calling
CALLBACK for each live entry. If CALLBACK returns false,
the iteration stops. INFO is passed as CALLBACK's second
argument. */
void
htab_traverse (htab, callback, info)
htab_t htab;
htab_trav callback;
void * info;
{
void **slot = htab->entries;
void **limit = slot + htab->size;
do
{
void * x = *slot;
if (x != EMPTY_ENTRY && x != DELETED_ENTRY)
if (!(*callback) (slot, info))
break;
}
while (++slot < limit);
}
/* Return the current size of given hash table. */
size_t
htab_size (htab)
htab_t htab;
{
return htab->size;
}
/* Return the current number of elements in given hash table. */
size_t
htab_elements (htab)
htab_t htab;
{
return htab->n_elements - htab->n_deleted;
}
/* Return the fraction of fixed collisions during all work with given
hash table. */
double
htab_collisions (htab)
htab_t htab;
{
if (htab->searches == 0)
return 0.0;
return (double) htab->collisions / (double) htab->searches;
}
#ifndef NDEBUG
void
htab_dump (htab, name, dumpfn)
htab_t htab;
const char *name;
htab_dumpfn dumpfn;
{
FILE *f = fopen (name, "w");
size_t i, j;
if (f == NULL)
abort ();
fprintf (f, "size %zd n_elements %zd n_deleted %zd\n",
htab->size, htab->n_elements, htab->n_deleted);
for (i = 0; i < htab->size; ++i)
{
if (htab->entries [i] == EMPTY_ENTRY
|| htab->entries [i] == DELETED_ENTRY)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < htab->size; ++j)
if (htab->entries [j] != htab->entries [i])
break;
fprintf (f, "%c%zd\n",
htab->entries [i] == EMPTY_ENTRY ? 'E' : 'D',
j - i);
i = j - 1;
}
else
{
fputc ('V', f);
(*dumpfn) (f, htab->entries [i]);
}
}
fclose (f);
}
void
htab_restore (htab, name, restorefn)
htab_t htab;
const char *name;
htab_restorefn restorefn;
{
FILE *f = fopen (name, "r");
size_t size, n_elements, n_deleted, i, j, k;
int c;
if (f == NULL)
abort ();
if (fscanf (f, "size %zd n_elements %zd n_deleted %zd\n",
&size, &n_elements, &n_deleted) != 3)
abort ();
htab_empty (htab);
free (htab->entries);
htab->entries = (void **) calloc (size, sizeof (void *));
if (htab->entries == NULL)
abort ();
htab->size = size;
htab->n_elements = n_elements;
htab->n_deleted = n_deleted;
for (i = 0; i < htab->size; ++i)
{
switch ((c = fgetc (f)))
{
case 'E':
case 'D':
if (fscanf (f, "%zd\n", &j) != 1)
abort ();
if (i + j > htab->size)
abort ();
if (c == 'D')
for (k = i; k < i + j; ++k)
htab->entries [k] = DELETED_ENTRY;
i += j - 1;
break;
case 'V':
htab->entries [i] = (*restorefn) (f);
break;
default:
abort ();
}
}
fclose (f);
}
#endif
/* DERIVED FROM:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
lookup2.c, by Bob Jenkins, December 1996, Public Domain.
hash(), hash2(), hash3, and mix() are externally useful functions.
Routines to test the hash are included if SELF_TEST is defined.
You can use this free for any purpose. It has no warranty.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
/*
--------------------------------------------------------------------
mix -- mix 3 32-bit values reversibly.
For every delta with one or two bit set, and the deltas of all three
high bits or all three low bits, whether the original value of a,b,c
is almost all zero or is uniformly distributed,
* If mix() is run forward or backward, at least 32 bits in a,b,c
have at least 1/4 probability of changing.
* If mix() is run forward, every bit of c will change between 1/3 and
2/3 of the time. (Well, 22/100 and 78/100 for some 2-bit deltas.)
mix() was built out of 36 single-cycle latency instructions in a
structure that could supported 2x parallelism, like so:
a -= b;
a -= c; x = (c>>13);
b -= c; a ^= x;
b -= a; x = (a<<8);
c -= a; b ^= x;
c -= b; x = (b>>13);
...
Unfortunately, superscalar Pentiums and Sparcs can't take advantage
of that parallelism. They've also turned some of those single-cycle
latency instructions into multi-cycle latency instructions. Still,
this is the fastest good hash I could find. There were about 2^^68
to choose from. I only looked at a billion or so.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
/* same, but slower, works on systems that might have 8 byte hashval_t's */
#define mix(a,b,c) \
{ \
a -= b; a -= c; a ^= (c>>13); \
b -= c; b -= a; b ^= (a<< 8); \
c -= a; c -= b; c ^= ((b&0xffffffff)>>13); \
a -= b; a -= c; a ^= ((c&0xffffffff)>>12); \
b -= c; b -= a; b = (b ^ (a<<16)) & 0xffffffff; \
c -= a; c -= b; c = (c ^ (b>> 5)) & 0xffffffff; \
a -= b; a -= c; a = (a ^ (c>> 3)) & 0xffffffff; \
b -= c; b -= a; b = (b ^ (a<<10)) & 0xffffffff; \
c -= a; c -= b; c = (c ^ (b>>15)) & 0xffffffff; \
}
/*
--------------------------------------------------------------------
hash() -- hash a variable-length key into a 32-bit value
k : the key (the unaligned variable-length array of bytes)
len : the length of the key, counting by bytes
level : can be any 4-byte value
Returns a 32-bit value. Every bit of the key affects every bit of
the return value. Every 1-bit and 2-bit delta achieves avalanche.
About 36+6len instructions.
The best hash table sizes are powers of 2. There is no need to do
mod a prime (mod is sooo slow!). If you need less than 32 bits,
use a bitmask. For example, if you need only 10 bits, do
h = (h & hashmask(10));
In which case, the hash table should have hashsize(10) elements.
If you are hashing n strings (ub1 **)k, do it like this:
for (i=0, h=0; i<n; ++i) h = hash( k[i], len[i], h);
By Bob Jenkins, 1996. bob_jenkins@burtleburtle.net. You may use this
code any way you wish, private, educational, or commercial. It's free.
See http://burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/evahash.html
Use for hash table lookup, or anything where one collision in 2^32 is
acceptable. Do NOT use for cryptographic purposes.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
hashval_t
iterative_hash (const void *k_in /* the key */,
register size_t length /* the length of the key */,
register hashval_t initval /* the previous hash, or
an arbitrary value */)
{
register const unsigned char *k = (const unsigned char *)k_in;
register hashval_t a,b,c,len;
/* Set up the internal state */
len = length;
a = b = 0x9e3779b9; /* the golden ratio; an arbitrary value */
c = initval; /* the previous hash value */
/*---------------------------------------- handle most of the key */
#ifndef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
/* On a little-endian machine, if the data is 4-byte aligned we can hash
by word for better speed. This gives nondeterministic results on
big-endian machines. */
if (sizeof (hashval_t) == 4 && (((size_t)k)&3) == 0)
while (len >= 12) /* aligned */
{
a += *(hashval_t *)(k+0);
b += *(hashval_t *)(k+4);
c += *(hashval_t *)(k+8);
mix(a,b,c);
k += 12; len -= 12;
}
else /* unaligned */
#endif
while (len >= 12)
{
a += (k[0] +((hashval_t)k[1]<<8) +((hashval_t)k[2]<<16) +((hashval_t)k[3]<<24));
b += (k[4] +((hashval_t)k[5]<<8) +((hashval_t)k[6]<<16) +((hashval_t)k[7]<<24));
c += (k[8] +((hashval_t)k[9]<<8) +((hashval_t)k[10]<<16)+((hashval_t)k[11]<<24));
mix(a,b,c);
k += 12; len -= 12;
}
/*------------------------------------- handle the last 11 bytes */
c += length;
switch(len) /* all the case statements fall through */
{
case 11: c+=((hashval_t)k[10]<<24);
case 10: c+=((hashval_t)k[9]<<16);
case 9 : c+=((hashval_t)k[8]<<8);
/* the first byte of c is reserved for the length */
case 8 : b+=((hashval_t)k[7]<<24);
case 7 : b+=((hashval_t)k[6]<<16);
case 6 : b+=((hashval_t)k[5]<<8);
case 5 : b+=k[4];
case 4 : a+=((hashval_t)k[3]<<24);
case 3 : a+=((hashval_t)k[2]<<16);
case 2 : a+=((hashval_t)k[1]<<8);
case 1 : a+=k[0];
/* case 0: nothing left to add */
}
mix(a,b,c);
/*-------------------------------------------- report the result */
return c;
}