/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */

#include "nm-default.h"

#include "nm-ref-string.h"

/*****************************************************************************/

typedef struct {
    NMRefString  r;
    volatile int ref_count;
    char         str_data[];
} RefString;

G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC(gl_lock);
static GHashTable *gl_hash;

/* the first field of NMRefString is a pointer to the NUL terminated string.
 * This also allows to compare strings with nm_pstr_equal(), although, pointer
 * equality might be better. */
G_STATIC_ASSERT(G_STRUCT_OFFSET(NMRefString, str) == 0);
G_STATIC_ASSERT(G_STRUCT_OFFSET(RefString, r) == 0);
G_STATIC_ASSERT(G_STRUCT_OFFSET(RefString, r.str) == 0);

/*****************************************************************************/

static guint
_ref_string_hash(gconstpointer ptr)
{
    const RefString *a = ptr;
    NMHashState      h;

    nm_hash_init(&h, 1463435489u);
    nm_hash_update(&h, a->r.str, a->r.len);
    return nm_hash_complete(&h);
}

static gboolean
_ref_string_equal(gconstpointer pa, gconstpointer pb)
{
    const RefString *a = pa;
    const RefString *b = pb;

    return a->r.len == b->r.len && memcmp(a->r.str, b->r.str, a->r.len) == 0;
}

/*****************************************************************************/

static void
_ASSERT(const RefString *rstr0)
{
#if NM_MORE_ASSERTS
    int r;

    nm_assert(rstr0);

    G_LOCK(gl_lock);
    r = g_atomic_int_get(&rstr0->ref_count);

    nm_assert(r > 0);
    nm_assert(r < G_MAXINT);

    nm_assert(rstr0 == g_hash_table_lookup(gl_hash, rstr0));
    G_UNLOCK(gl_lock);
#endif
}

/**
 * nm_ref_string_new_len:
 * @cstr: the string to intern. Must contain @len bytes.
 *   If @len is zero, @cstr may be %NULL. Note that it is
 *   acceptable that the string contains a NUL character
 *   within the first @len bytes. That is, the string is
 *   not treated as a NUL terminated string, but as binary.
 *   Also, contrary to strncpy(), this will read all the
 *   first @len bytes. It won't stop at the first NUL.
 * @len: the length of the string (usually there is no NUL character
 *   within the first @len bytes, but that would be acceptable as well
 *   to add binary data).
 *
 * Note that the resulting NMRefString instance will always be NUL terminated
 * (at position @len).
 *
 * Note that NMRefString are always interned/deduplicated. If such a string
 * already exists, the existing instance will be referred and returned.
 *
 *
 * Since all NMRefString are shared and interned, you may use
 * pointer equality to compare them. Note that if a NMRefString contains
 * a NUL character (meaning, if
 *
 *    strlen (nm_ref_string_get_str (str)) != nm_ref_string_get_len (str)
 *
 * ), then pointer in-equality does not mean that the NUL terminated strings
 * are also unequal. In other words, for strings that contain NUL characters,
 *
 *    if (str1 != str2)
 *       assert (!nm_streq0 (nm_ref_string_get_str (str1), nm_ref_string_get_str (str2)));
 *
 * might not hold!
 *
 *
 * NMRefString is thread-safe.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer full): the interned string. This is
 *   never %NULL, but note that %NULL is also a valid NMRefString.
 *   The result must be unrefed with nm_ref_string_unref().
 */
NMRefString *
nm_ref_string_new_len(const char *cstr, gsize len)
{
    RefString *rstr0;

    G_LOCK(gl_lock);

    if (G_UNLIKELY(!gl_hash)) {
        gl_hash = g_hash_table_new_full(_ref_string_hash, _ref_string_equal, g_free, NULL);
        rstr0   = NULL;
    } else {
        NMRefString rr_lookup = {
            .len = len,
            .str = cstr,
        };

        rstr0 = g_hash_table_lookup(gl_hash, &rr_lookup);
    }

    if (rstr0) {
        nm_assert(({
            int r = g_atomic_int_get(&rstr0->ref_count);

            (r >= 0 && r < G_MAXINT);
        }));
        g_atomic_int_inc(&rstr0->ref_count);
    } else {
        rstr0                            = g_malloc(sizeof(RefString) + 1 + len);
        rstr0->ref_count                 = 1;
        *((gsize *) &rstr0->r.len)       = len;
        *((const char **) &rstr0->r.str) = rstr0->str_data;
        if (len > 0)
            memcpy(rstr0->str_data, cstr, len);
        rstr0->str_data[len] = '\0';

        if (!g_hash_table_add(gl_hash, rstr0))
            nm_assert_not_reached();
    }

    G_UNLOCK(gl_lock);

    return &rstr0->r;
}

NMRefString *
nm_ref_string_ref(NMRefString *rstr)
{
    RefString *const rstr0 = (RefString *) rstr;

    if (!rstr)
        return NULL;

    _ASSERT(rstr0);

    g_atomic_int_inc(&rstr0->ref_count);
    return &rstr0->r;
}

void
_nm_ref_string_unref_non_null(NMRefString *rstr)
{
    RefString *const rstr0 = (RefString *) rstr;
    int              r;

    _ASSERT(rstr0);

    /* fast-path: first try to decrement the ref-count without bringing it
     * to zero. */
    r = rstr0->ref_count;
    if (G_LIKELY(r > 1 && g_atomic_int_compare_and_exchange(&rstr0->ref_count, r, r - 1)))
        return;

    /* We apparently are about to return the last reference. Take a lock. */

    G_LOCK(gl_lock);

    nm_assert(g_hash_table_lookup(gl_hash, rstr0) == rstr0);

    if (G_LIKELY(g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&rstr0->ref_count))) {
        if (!g_hash_table_remove(gl_hash, rstr0))
            nm_assert_not_reached();
    }

    G_UNLOCK(gl_lock);
}

/*****************************************************************************/