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<title>Random Numbers: GLib Reference Manual</title>
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<link rel="prev" href="glib-GDateTime.html" title="GDateTime">
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Top |
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Description
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Random Numbers
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Random Numbers — pseudo-random number generator
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Functions
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GRand *
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g_rand_new_with_seed ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_new_with_seed_array ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_new ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_copy ()
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void
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g_rand_free ()
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void
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g_rand_set_seed ()
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void
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g_rand_set_seed_array ()
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#define
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g_rand_boolean()
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guint32
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g_rand_int ()
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gint32
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g_rand_int_range ()
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gdouble
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g_rand_double ()
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gdouble
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g_rand_double_range ()
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void
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g_random_set_seed ()
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#define
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g_random_boolean
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guint32
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g_random_int ()
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gint32
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g_random_int_range ()
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gdouble
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g_random_double ()
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gdouble
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g_random_double_range ()
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Types and Values
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GRand
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Includes
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#include <gmodule.h>
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Description
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The following functions allow you to use a portable, fast and good
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pseudo-random number generator (PRNG).
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Do not use this API for cryptographic purposes such as key
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generation, nonces, salts or one-time pads.
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This PRNG is suitable for non-cryptographic use such as in games
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(shuffling a card deck, generating levels), generating data for
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a test suite, etc. If you need random data for cryptographic
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purposes, it is recommended to use platform-specific APIs such
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as /dev/random on UNIX, or CryptGenRandom() on Windows.
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GRand uses the Mersenne Twister PRNG, which was originally
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developed by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura. Further
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information can be found at
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this page.
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If you just need a random number, you simply call the g_random_*
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functions, which will create a globally used GRand and use the
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according g_rand_* functions internally. Whenever you need a
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stream of reproducible random numbers, you better create a
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GRand yourself and use the g_rand_* functions directly, which
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will also be slightly faster. Initializing a GRand with a
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certain seed will produce exactly the same series of random
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numbers on all platforms. This can thus be used as a seed for
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e.g. games.
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The g_rand*_range functions will return high quality equally
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distributed random numbers, whereas for example the
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(g_random_int()%max) approach often
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doesn't yield equally distributed numbers.
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GLib changed the seeding algorithm for the pseudo-random number
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generator Mersenne Twister, as used by GRand. This was necessary,
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because some seeds would yield very bad pseudo-random streams.
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Also the pseudo-random integers generated by g_rand*_int_range()
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will have a slightly better equal distribution with the new
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version of GLib.
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The original seeding and generation algorithms, as found in
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GLib 2.0.x, can be used instead of the new ones by setting the
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environment variable G_RANDOM_VERSION to the value of '2.0'.
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Use the GLib-2.0 algorithms only if you have sequences of numbers
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generated with Glib-2.0 that you need to reproduce exactly.
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Functions
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g_rand_new_with_seed ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_new_with_seed (guint32 seed);
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Creates a new random number generator initialized with seed
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Parameters
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seed
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a value to initialize the random number generator
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Returns
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the new GRand
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g_rand_new_with_seed_array ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_new_with_seed_array (const guint32 *seed,
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guint seed_length);
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Creates a new random number generator initialized with seed
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Parameters
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seed
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an array of seeds to initialize the random number generator
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seed_length
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an array of seeds to initialize the random number
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generator
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Returns
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the new GRand
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Since: 2.4
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g_rand_new ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_new (void);
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Creates a new random number generator initialized with a seed taken
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either from /dev/urandom (if existing) or from the current time
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(as a fallback).
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On Windows, the seed is taken from rand_s().
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Returns
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the new GRand
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g_rand_copy ()
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GRand *
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g_rand_copy (GRand *rand_);
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Copies a GRand into a new one with the same exact state as before.
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This way you can take a snapshot of the random number generator for
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replaying later.
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Parameters
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rand_
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a GRand
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Returns
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the new GRand
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Since: 2.4
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g_rand_free ()
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void
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g_rand_free (GRand *rand_);
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Frees the memory allocated for the GRand.
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Parameters
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rand_
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a GRand
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g_rand_set_seed ()
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void
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g_rand_set_seed (GRand *rand_,
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guint32 seed);
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Sets the seed for the random number generator GRand to seed
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.
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Parameters
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rand_
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a GRand
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ae235b |
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ae235b |
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ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
seed
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a value to reinitialize the random number generator
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
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ae235b |
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ae235b |
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ae235b |
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ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
g_rand_set_seed_array ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
void
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_set_seed_array (GRand *rand_,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
const guint32 *seed,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
guint seed_length);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Initializes the random number generator by an array of longs.
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Array can be of arbitrary size, though only the first 624 values
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
are taken. This function is useful if you have many low entropy
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
seeds, or if you require more then 32 bits of actual entropy for
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
your application.
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
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ae235b |
seed
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
array to initialize with
|
|
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ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
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ae235b |
seed_length
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
length of array
|
|
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ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
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ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
Since: 2.4
|
|
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ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
|
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ae235b |
|
|
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ae235b |
g_rand_boolean()
|
|
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ae235b |
#define g_rand_boolean(rand_)
|
|
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ae235b |
Returns a random gboolean from rand_
|
|
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ae235b |
.
|
|
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ae235b |
This corresponds to a unbiased coin toss.
|
|
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ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
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ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random gboolean
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_int ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
guint32
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_int (GRand *rand_);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns the next random guint32 from rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
equally distributed over
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
the range [0..2^32-1].
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
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Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
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ae235b |
rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_int_range ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gint32
|
|
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ae235b |
g_rand_int_range (GRand *rand_,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gint32 begin,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gint32 end);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns the next random gint32 from rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
equally distributed over
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
the range [begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
..end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
-1].
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
lower closed bound of the interval
|
|
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ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
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ae235b |
end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
upper open bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_double ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_double (GRand *rand_);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns the next random gdouble from rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
equally distributed over
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
the range [0..1).
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_double_range ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_rand_double_range (GRand *rand_,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble begin,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble end);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns the next random gdouble from rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
equally distributed over
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
the range [begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
..end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
).
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
rand_
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
lower closed bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
upper open bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_set_seed ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
void
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_set_seed (guint32 seed);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Sets the seed for the global random number generator, which is used
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
by the g_random_* functions, to seed
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
.
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
seed
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a value to reinitialize the global random number generator
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_boolean
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
#define g_random_boolean()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns a random gboolean.
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
This corresponds to a unbiased coin toss.
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random gboolean
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_int ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
guint32
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_int (void);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Return a random guint32 equally distributed over the range
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
[0..2^32-1].
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_int_range ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gint32
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_int_range (gint32 begin,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gint32 end);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns a random gint32 equally distributed over the range
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
[begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
..end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
-1].
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
lower closed bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
upper open bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_double ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_double (void);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns a random gdouble equally distributed over the range [0..1).
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_double_range ()
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
g_random_double_range (gdouble begin,
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
gdouble end);
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns a random gdouble equally distributed over the range
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
[begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
..end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
).
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Parameters
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
begin
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
lower closed bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
end
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
upper open bound of the interval
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Returns
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
a random number
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Types and Values
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
GRand
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
typedef struct _GRand GRand;
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
The GRand struct is an opaque data structure. It should only be
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
accessed through the g_rand_* functions.
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
Generated by GTK-Doc V1.27
|
|
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ae235b |
</body>
|
|
Packit |
ae235b |
</html>
|