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.\" @(#)loadkeys.1
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.TH LOADKEYS 1 "6 Feb 1994"
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.SH NAME
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loadkeys \- load keyboard translation tables
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B loadkeys
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[
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.I -a --ascii
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] [
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[
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.I -b --bkeymap
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] [
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.I -c --clearcompose
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] [
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.I -C '<FILE>'
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.I --console=<FILE>
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] [
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.I -d --default
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] [
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.I -h --help
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] [
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.I -m --mktable
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] [
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.I -p --parse
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] [
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.I -q --quiet
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] [
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.I -s --clearstrings
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] [
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.I -u --unicode
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] [
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.I -v --verbose
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] [
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.I -V --version
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] [
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.I filename...
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]
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.LP
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.IX "loadkeys command" "" "\fLloadkeys\fR command"
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.LP
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The program
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.B loadkeys
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reads the file or files specified by
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.IR filename... .
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Its main purpose is to load the kernel keymap for the console.
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You can specify console device by the
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.I -C
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(or
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.I --console
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) option.
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.SH "RESET TO DEFAULT"
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If the
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.I -d
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(or
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.I --default
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) option is given,
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.B loadkeys
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loads a default keymap, probably the file
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.I defkeymap.map
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either in
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.I @DATADIR@/keymaps
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or in
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.IR /usr/src/linux/drivers/char .
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(Probably the former was user-defined, while the latter
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is a qwerty keyboard map for PCs - maybe not what was desired.)
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Sometimes, with a strange keymap loaded (with the minus on
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some obscure unknown modifier combination) it is easier to
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type `loadkeys defkeymap'.
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.SH "LOAD KERNEL KEYMAP"
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The main function of
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.B loadkeys
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is to load or modify the keyboard driver's translation tables.
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When specifying the file names, standard input can be denoted
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by dash (-). If no file is specified, the data is read from
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the standard input.
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.LP
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For many countries and keyboard types appropriate keymaps
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are available already, and a command like `loadkeys uk' might
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do what you want. On the other hand, it is easy to construct
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one's own keymap. The user has to tell what symbols belong
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to each key. She can find the keycode for a key by use of
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.BR showkey (1),
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while the keymap format is given in
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.BR keymaps (5)
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and can also be seen from the output of
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.BR dumpkeys (1).
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.SH "LOAD KERNEL ACCENT TABLE"
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If the input file does not contain any compose key definitions,
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the kernel accent table is left unchanged, unless the
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.I -c
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(or
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.I --clearcompose
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) option is given, in which case the kernel accent table is emptied.
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If the input file does contain compose key definitions, then all
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old definitions are removed, and replaced by the specified new entries.
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The kernel accent table is a sequence of (by default 68) entries
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describing how dead diacritical signs and compose keys behave.
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For example, a line
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.LP
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.RS
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compose ',' 'c' to ccedilla
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.RE
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.LP
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means that <ComposeKey><,><c> must be combined to <ccedilla>.
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The current content of this table can be see
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using `dumpkeys \-\-compose\-only'.
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.SH "LOAD KERNEL STRING TABLE"
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The option
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.I -s
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(or
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.I --clearstrings
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) clears the kernel string table. If this option is not given,
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.B loadkeys
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will only add or replace strings, not remove them.
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(Thus, the option \-s is required to reach a well-defined state.)
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The kernel string table is a sequence of strings
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with names like F31. One can make function key F5 (on
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an ordinary PC keyboard) produce the text `Hello!',
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and Shift+F5 `Goodbye!' using lines
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.LP
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.RS
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keycode 63 = F70 F71
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.br
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string F70 = "Hello!"
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.br
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string F71 = "Goodbye!"
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.RE
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.LP
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in the keymap.
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The default bindings for the function keys are certain
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escape sequences mostly inspired by the VT100 terminal.
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.SH "CREATE KERNEL SOURCE TABLE"
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If the
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.I -m
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(or
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.I --mktable
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) option is given
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.B loadkeys
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prints to the standard output a file that may be used as
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.I /usr/src/linux\%/drivers\%/char\%/defkeymap.c,
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specifying the default key bindings for a kernel
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(and does not modify the current keymap).
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.SH "CREATE BINARY KEYMAP"
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If the
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.I -b
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(or
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.I --bkeymap
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) option is given
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.B loadkeys
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prints to the standard output a file that may be used as a binary
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keymap as expected by Busybox
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.B loadkmap
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command (and does not modify the current keymap).
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.SH "UNICODE MODE"
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.B loadkeys
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automatically detects whether the console is in Unicode or
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ASCII (XLATE) mode. When a keymap is loaded, literal
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keysyms (such as
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.BR section )
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are resolved accordingly; numerical keysyms are converted to
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fit the current console mode, regardless of the way they are
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specified (decimal, octal, hexadecimal or Unicode).
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.LP
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The
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.I -u
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(or
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.IR --unicode )
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switch forces
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.B loadkeys
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to convert all keymaps to Unicode. If the keyboard is in a
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non-Unicode mode, such as XLATE,
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.B loadkeys
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will change it to Unicode for the time of its execution. A
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warning message will be printed in this case.
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.LP
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It is recommended to run
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.BR kbd_mode (1)
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before
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.B loadkeys
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instead of using the
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.I -u
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option.
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.SH "OTHER OPTIONS"
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.TP
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.B \-a \-\-ascii
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Force conversion to ASCII.
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.TP
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.B \-h \-\-help
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.B loadkeys
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prints its version number and a short usage message to the programs
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standard error output and exits.
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.TP
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.B \-p \-\-parse
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.B loadkeys
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searchs and parses keymap without action.
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.TP
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.B \-q \-\-quiet
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.B loadkeys
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suppresses all normal output.
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.TP
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.B \-V \-\-version
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.B loadkeys
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prints version number and exits.
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.SH WARNING
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Note that anyone having read access to
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.B /dev/console
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can run
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.B loadkeys
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and thus change the keyboard layout, possibly making it unusable. Note
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that the keyboard translation table is common for all the virtual
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consoles, so any changes to the keyboard bindings affect all the virtual
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consoles simultaneously.
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.LP
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Note that because the changes affect all the virtual consoles, they also
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outlive your session. This means that even at the login prompt the key
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bindings may not be what the user expects.
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.SH FILES
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.TP
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.BI @DATADIR@/keymaps
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default directory for keymaps
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.LP
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.TP
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.BI /usr/src/linux/drivers/char/defkeymap.map
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default kernel keymap
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR dumpkeys (1),
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.BR keymaps (5)
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