.TH FQ 8 "10 Sept 2015" "iproute2" "Linux"

.SH NAME

FQ \- Fair Queue traffic policing

.SH SYNOPSIS

.B tc qdisc ... fq

[

.B limit

PACKETS ] [

.B flow_limit

PACKETS ] [

.B quantum

BYTES ] [

.B initial_quantum

BYTES ] [

.B maxrate

RATE ] [

.B buckets

NUMBER ] [

.B orphan_mask

NUMBER ] [

.B pacing

|

.B nopacing

] [

.B ce_threshold

TIME ]

.SH DESCRIPTION

FQ (Fair Queue) is a classless packet scheduler meant to be mostly

used for locally generated traffic.  It is designed to achieve per flow pacing.

FQ does flow separation, and is able to respect pacing requirements set by TCP stack.

All packets belonging to a socket are considered as a 'flow'.

For non local packets (router workload), packet hash is used as fallback.

An application can specify a maximum pacing rate using the

.B SO_MAX_PACING_RATE

setsockopt call.  This packet scheduler adds delay between packets to

respect rate limitation set on each socket. Note that after linux-4.20, linux adopted EDT (Earliest Departure Time)

and TCP directly sets the appropriate Departure Time for each skb.

Dequeueing happens in a round-robin fashion.

A special FIFO queue is reserved for high priority packets (

.B TC_PRIO_CONTROL

priority), such packets are always dequeued first.

FQ is non-work-conserving.

TCP pacing is good for flows having idle times, as the congestion

window permits TCP stack to queue a possibly large number of packets.

This removes the 'slow start after idle' choice, badly hitting

large BDP flows and applications delivering chunks of data such as video streams.

.SH PARAMETERS

.SS limit

Hard limit on the real queue size. When this limit is reached, new packets

are dropped. If the value is lowered, packets are dropped so that the new limit is

met. Default is 10000 packets.

.SS flow_limit

Hard limit on the maximum number of packets queued per flow.

Default value is 100.

.SS quantum

The credit per dequeue RR round, i.e. the amount of bytes a flow is allowed to

dequeue at once. A larger value means a longer time period before the next flow

will be served.

Default is 2 * interface MTU bytes.

.SS initial_quantum

The initial sending rate credit, i.e. the amount of bytes a new flow is allowed

to dequeue initially.

This is specifically meant to allow using IW10 without added delay.

Default is 10 * interface MTU, i.e. 15140 for 'standard' ethernet.

.SS maxrate

Maximum sending rate of a flow.  Default is unlimited.

Application specific setting via

.B SO_MAX_PACING_RATE

is ignored only if it is larger than this value.

.SS buckets

The size of the hash table used for flow lookups. Each bucket is assigned a

red-black tree for efficient collision sorting.

Default: 1024.

.SS orphan_mask

For packets not owned by a socket, fq is able to mask a part of skb->hash

and reduce number of buckets associated with the traffic. This is a DDOS

prevention mechanism, and the default is 1023 (meaning no more than 1024 flows

are allocated for these packets)

.SS [no]pacing

Enable or disable flow pacing. Default is enabled.

.SS ce_threshold

sets a threshold above which all packets are marked with ECN Congestion

Experienced. This is useful for DCTCP-style congestion control algorithms that

require marking at very shallow queueing thresholds.

.SH EXAMPLES

#tc qdisc add dev eth0 root est 1sec 4sec fq ce_threshold 4ms

.br

#tc -s -d qdisc sh dev eth0

.br

qdisc fq 800e: root refcnt 9 limit 10000p flow_limit 1000p buckets 1024 orphan_mask 1023 quantum 3028 initial_quantum 15140 low_rate_threshold 550Kbit refill_delay 40.0ms ce_threshold 4.0ms

 Sent 533368436185 bytes 352296695 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 1339864)

 rate 39220Mbit 3238202pps backlog 12417828b 358p requeues 1339864

  1052 flows (852 inactive, 0 throttled)

  112 gc, 0 highprio, 212 throttled, 21501 ns latency, 470241 ce_mark

.br

.SH SEE ALSO

.BR tc (8),

.BR socket (7)

.SH AUTHORS

FQ was written by Eric Dumazet.