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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
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<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>Overview of new features in Apache HTTP Server 2.4 - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
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<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" />
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<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
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</script>
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<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body id="manual-page">
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Modules | Directives | FAQ | Glossary | Sitemap
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Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
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Apache > HTTP Server > Documentation > Version 2.4Overview of new features in Apache HTTP Server 2.4
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Available Languages: en |
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fr |
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tr
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This document describes some of the major changes between the
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2.2 and 2.4 versions of the Apache HTTP Server. For new features since
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version 2.0, see the 2.2 new features
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document.
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 New Modules
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Module Enhancements
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Program Enhancements
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Documentation
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Module Developer Changes
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See also
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Run-time Loadable MPMs
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Multiple MPMs can now be built
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as loadable modules at compile time.
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The MPM of choice can be configured at run time via LoadModule directive.
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Event MPM
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The Event MPM is no longer experimental
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but is now fully supported.
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Asynchronous support
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Better support for asynchronous read/write for supporting MPMs and
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platforms.
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Per-module and per-directory LogLevel configuration
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The LogLevel can now be
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configured per module and per directory. New levels trace1
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to trace8 have been added above the debug log
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level.
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Per-request configuration sections
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<If>,
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<ElseIf>,
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and <Else>
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sections can be used to set the configuration based on per-request
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criteria.
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General-purpose expression parser
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A new expression parser allows to specify
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complex conditions using a common syntax
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in directives like
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SetEnvIfExpr,
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RewriteCond,
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Header,
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<If>,
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and others.
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KeepAliveTimeout in milliseconds
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It is now possible to specify KeepAliveTimeout in milliseconds.
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NameVirtualHost directive
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No longer needed and is now deprecated.
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Override Configuration
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The new AllowOverrideList
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directive allows more fine grained control which directives are
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allowed in .htaccess files.
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Config file variables
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It is now possible to Define
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variables in the configuration, allowing a clearer representation
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if the same value is used at many places in the configuration.
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Reduced memory usage
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Despite many new features, 2.4.x tends to use less memory than
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2.2.x.
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mod_proxy_fcgi
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FastCGI Protocol backend for mod_proxy
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mod_proxy_scgi
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SCGI Protocol backend for mod_proxy
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mod_proxy_express
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Provides dynamically configured mass reverse proxies for
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mod_proxy
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mod_remoteip
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Replaces the apparent client remote IP address and hostname for the request
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with the IP address list presented by a proxies or a load balancer via
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the request headers.
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mod_heartmonitor,
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mod_lbmethod_heartbeat
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Allow mod_proxy_balancer to base loadbalancing decisions
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on the number of active connections on the backend servers.
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mod_proxy_html
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Formerly a third-party module, this supports fixing of HTML
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links in a reverse proxy situation, where the backend generates
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URLs that are not valid for the proxy's clients.
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mod_sed
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An advanced replacement of mod_substitute, allows
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to edit the response body with the full power of sed.
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mod_auth_form
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Enables form-based authentication.
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mod_session
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Enables the use of session state for clients, using cookie or
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database storage.
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mod_allowmethods
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New module to restrict certain HTTP methods without interfering with
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authentication or authorization.
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mod_lua
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Embeds the Lua language into httpd,
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for configuration and small business logic functions. (Experimental)
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mod_log_debug
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Allows the addition of customizable debug logging at different phases of the
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request processing.
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mod_buffer
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Provides for buffering the input and output filter stacks
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mod_data
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Convert response body into an RFC2397 data URL
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mod_ratelimit
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Provides Bandwidth Rate Limiting for Clients
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mod_request
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Provides Filters to handle and make available HTTP request bodies
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mod_reflector
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Provides Reflection of a request body as a response via the output filter stack.
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mod_slotmem_shm
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Provides a Slot-based shared memory provider (ala the scoreboard).
|
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mod_xml2enc
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Formerly a third-party module, this supports internationalisation
|
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in libxml2-based (markup-aware) filter modules.
|
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mod_macro (available since 2.4.5)
|
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Provide macros within configuration files.
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mod_proxy_wstunnel (available since 2.4.5)
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Support web-socket tunnels.
|
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mod_authnz_fcgi (available since 2.4.10)
|
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Enable FastCGI authorizer applications to authenticate and/or
|
|
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authorize clients.
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|
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mod_http2 (available since 2.4.17)
|
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Support for the HTTP/2 transport layer.
|
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|
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mod_proxy_hcheck (available since 2.4.21)
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Support independent dynamic health checks for remote proxiy backend servers.
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mod_ssl
|
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|
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mod_ssl can now be configured to use an
|
|
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OCSP server to check the validation status of a client
|
|
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certificate. The default responder is configurable, along with
|
|
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the decision on whether to prefer the responder designated in
|
|
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the client certificate itself.
|
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|
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mod_ssl now also supports OCSP stapling, where the
|
|
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server pro-actively obtains an OCSP verification of its certificate and
|
|
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transmits that to the client during the handshake.
|
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|
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mod_ssl can now be configured to share SSL Session
|
|
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data between servers through memcached
|
|
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|
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EC keys are now supported in addition to RSA and DSA.
|
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|
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Support for TLS-SRP (available in 2.4.4 and later).
|
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|
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mod_proxy
|
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|
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The ProxyPass directive
|
|
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is now most optimally configured within a
|
|
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Location or
|
|
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LocationMatch
|
|
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block, and offers a significant performance advantage over the traditional
|
|
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two-parameter syntax when present in large numbers.
|
|
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The source address used for proxy requests is now configurable.
|
|
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Support for Unix domain sockets to the backend (available in 2.4.7
|
|
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and later).
|
|
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|
|
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mod_proxy_balancer
|
|
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|
|
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More runtime configuration changes for BalancerMembers via balancer-manager
|
|
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|
|
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Additional BalancerMembers can be added at runtime via balancer-manager
|
|
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|
|
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Runtime configuration of a subset of Balancer parameters
|
|
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|
|
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BalancerMembers can be set to 'Drain' so that they only respond to existing sticky
|
|
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sessions, allowing them to be taken gracefully offline.
|
|
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|
|
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Balancer settings can be persistent after restarts.
|
|
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|
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mod_cache
|
|
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|
|
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The mod_cache CACHE filter can be optionally inserted
|
|
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at a given point in the filter chain to provide fine control over caching.
|
|
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|
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|
|
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mod_cache can now cache HEAD requests.
|
|
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|
|
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Where possible, mod_cache directives can now be set
|
|
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per directory, instead of per server.
|
|
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|
|
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The base URL of cached URLs can be customised, so that a cluster of
|
|
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caches can share the same endpoint URL prefix.
|
|
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|
|
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mod_cache is now capable of serving stale cached
|
|
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data when a backend is unavailable (error 5xx).
|
|
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|
|
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mod_cache can now insert HIT/MISS/REVALIDATE into
|
|
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an X-Cache header.
|
|
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|
|
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mod_include
|
|
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Support for the 'onerror' attribute within an 'include' element,
|
|
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allowing an error document to be served on error instead of the default
|
|
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error string.
|
|
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|
|
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mod_cgi, mod_include,
|
|
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mod_isapi, ...
|
|
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Translation of headers to environment variables is more strict than
|
|
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before to mitigate some possible cross-site-scripting attacks via header
|
|
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injection. Headers containing invalid characters (including underscores)
|
|
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are now silently dropped. Environment Variables
|
|
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in Apache has some pointers on how to work around broken legacy
|
|
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clients which require such headers. (This affects all modules which
|
|
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use these environment variables.)
|
|
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|
|
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mod_authz_core Authorization Logic Containers
|
|
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|
|
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Advanced authorization logic may now be specified using the
|
|
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Require directive
|
|
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and the related container directives, such as
|
|
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<RequireAll>.
|
|
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|
|
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mod_rewrite
|
|
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mod_rewrite adds the [QSD]
|
|
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(Query String Discard) and [END] flags for
|
|
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RewriteRule to
|
|
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simplify common rewriting scenarios.
|
|
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Adds the possibility to use complex boolean expressions in RewriteCond.
|
|
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Allows the use of SQL queries as RewriteMap functions.
|
|
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|
|
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mod_ldap, mod_authnz_ldap
|
|
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mod_authnz_ldap adds support for nested groups.
|
|
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90a5c9 |
mod_ldap adds
|
|
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LDAPConnectionPoolTTL,
|
|
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LDAPTimeout, and
|
|
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other improvements in the handling of timeouts.
|
|
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This is especially useful for setups where a
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stateful firewall drops idle connections to the LDAP server.
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mod_ldap adds
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LDAPLibraryDebug to log
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debug information provided by the used LDAP toolkit.
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mod_info
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mod_info can now dump the pre-parsed configuration
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to stdout during server startup.
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mod_auth_basic
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New generic mechanism to fake basic authentication (available in
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2.4.5 and later).
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fcgistarter
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New FastCGI daemon starter utility
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htcacheclean
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Current cached URLs can now be listed, with optional metadata
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included.
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Allow explicit deletion of individual cached URLs from the
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cache.
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File sizes can now be rounded up to the given block size, making
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the size limits map more closely to the real size on disk.
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Cache size can now be limited by the number of inodes, instead
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of or in addition to being limited by the size of the files on
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disk.
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rotatelogs
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May now create a link to the current log file.
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May now invoke a custom post-rotate script.
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htpasswd, htdbm
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Support for the bcrypt algorithm (available in 2.4.4 and later).
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mod_rewrite
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The mod_rewrite documentation has been
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rearranged and almost completely rewritten, with a focus on
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examples and common usage, as well as on showing you when other
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solutions are more appropriate. The Rewrite
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Guide is now a top-level section with much more detail and
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better organization.
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mod_ssl
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The mod_ssl documentation has been greatly
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enhanced, with more examples at the getting started level, in
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addition to the previous focus on technical details.
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Caching Guide
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The Caching Guide has been rewritten
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to properly distinguish between the RFC2616 HTTP/1.1 caching
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features provided by mod_cache, and the generic
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key/value caching provided by the socache
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interface, as well as to cover specialised caching provided by
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mechanisms such as mod_file_cache.
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Check Configuration Hook Added
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A new hook, check_config, has been added which runs
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between the pre_config and open_logs
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hooks. It also runs before the test_config hook
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when the -t option is passed to
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httpd. The check_config hook
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allows modules to review interdependent configuration directive
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values and adjust them while messages can still be logged to the
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console. The user can thus be alerted to misconfiguration problems
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before the core open_logs hook function redirects
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console output to the error log.
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Expression Parser Added
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We now have a general-purpose expression parser, whose API is
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exposed in ap_expr.h. This is adapted from the
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expression parser previously implemented in
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mod_ssl.
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Authorization Logic Containers
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Authorization modules now register as a provider, via
|
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ap_register_auth_provider(), to support advanced authorization logic,
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such as <RequireAll>.
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Small-Object Caching Interface
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The ap_socache.h header exposes a provider-based
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interface for caching small data objects, based on the previous
|
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implementation of the mod_ssl session cache.
|
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Providers using a shared-memory cyclic buffer, disk-based dbm
|
|
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files, and a memcache distributed cache are currently
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supported.
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Cache Status Hook Added
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The mod_cache module now includes a new
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cache_status hook, which is called when the caching
|
|
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decision becomes known. A default implementation is provided
|
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which adds an optional X-Cache and
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X-Cache-Detail header to the response.
|
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The developer documentation contains a
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detailed list of API changes.
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Available Languages: en |
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fr |
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tr
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Notice:This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our mailing lists.
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if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") {
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