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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
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<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>mod_mime_magic - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" />
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<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
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</script>
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body>
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|
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Modules | Directives | FAQ | Glossary | Sitemap
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Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
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Apache > HTTP Server > Documentation > Version 2.4 > Modules
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Apache Module mod_mime_magic
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Available Languages: en |
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fr
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by looking at a few bytes of its contents
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Status:Extension
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Module Identifier:mime_magic_module
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Source File:mod_mime_magic.c
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Summary
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This module determines the MIME
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type of files in the same way the Unix
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file(1) command works: it looks at the first few
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bytes of the file. It is intended as a "second line of defense"
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for cases that mod_mime can't resolve.
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|
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This module is derived from a free version of the
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file(1) command for Unix, which uses "magic
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numbers" and other hints from a file's contents to figure out
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what the contents are. This module is active only if the magic
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file is specified by the MimeMagicFile directive.
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![Support Apache!]() Topics
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 Format of the Magic File
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Performance Issues
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Notes
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Directives
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MimeMagicFile
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Bugfix checklistSee also
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Comments
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The contents of the file are plain ASCII text in 4-5
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columns. Blank lines are allowed but ignored. Commented lines
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use a hash mark (#). The remaining lines are parsed for
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the following columns:
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1
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byte number to begin checking from
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">" indicates a dependency upon the previous
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non-">" line
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2
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type of data to match
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byte
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single character
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short
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machine-order 16-bit integer
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long
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machine-order 32-bit integer
|
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string
|
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arbitrary-length string
|
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date
|
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long integer date (seconds since Unix epoch/1970)
|
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beshort
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big-endian 16-bit integer
|
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belong
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big-endian 32-bit integer
|
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bedate
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big-endian 32-bit integer date
|
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leshort
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little-endian 16-bit integer
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lelong
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little-endian 32-bit integer
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ledate
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little-endian 32-bit integer date
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3
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contents of data to match
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4
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MIME type if matched
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5
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MIME encoding if matched (optional)
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For example, the following magic file lines would recognize
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some audio formats:
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0 string .snd
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>12 belong 1 audio/basic
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>12 belong 2 audio/basic
|
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>12 belong 3 audio/basic
|
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>12 belong 4 audio/basic
|
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>12 belong 5 audio/basic
|
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>12 belong 6 audio/basic
|
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>12 belong 7 audio/basic
|
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>12 belong 23 audio/x-adpcm
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Or these would recognize the difference between *.doc
|
|
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files containing Microsoft Word or FrameMaker documents. (These are
|
|
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incompatible file formats which use the same file suffix.)
|
|
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0 string \<MakerFile application/x-frame
|
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0 string \<MIFFile application/x-frame
|
|
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0 string \<MakerDictionary application/x-frame
|
|
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0 string \<MakerScreenFon application/x-frame
|
|
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0 string \<MML application/x-frame
|
|
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0 string \<Book application/x-frame
|
|
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0 string \<Maker application/x-frame
|
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|
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# MS-Word
|
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0 string \376\067\0\043 application/msword
|
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0 string \320\317\021\340\241\261 application/msword
|
|
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0 string \333\245-\0\0\0 application/msword
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An optional MIME encoding can be included as a fifth column.
|
|
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For example, this can recognize gzipped files and set the
|
|
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encoding for them.
|
|
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|
|
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# gzip (GNU zip, not to be confused with
|
|
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# [Info-ZIP/PKWARE] zip archiver)
|
|
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|
|
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0 string \037\213 application/octet-stream x-gzip
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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This module is not for every system. If your system is barely
|
|
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keeping up with its load or if you're performing a web server
|
|
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benchmark, you may not want to enable this because the
|
|
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processing is not free.
|
|
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|
|
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However, an effort was made to improve the performance of
|
|
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the original file(1) code to make it fit in a busy web
|
|
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server. It was designed for a server where there are thousands of users
|
|
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who publish their own documents. This is probably very common
|
|
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on intranets. Many times, it's helpful if the server can make
|
|
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more intelligent decisions about a file's contents than the
|
|
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file name allows ...even if just to reduce the "why doesn't my
|
|
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page work" calls when users improperly name their own files.
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You have to decide if the extra work suits your
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environment.
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|
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The following notes apply to the mod_mime_magic
|
|
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module and are included here for compliance with contributors'
|
|
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copyright restrictions that require their acknowledgment.
|
|
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|
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|
|
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mod_mime_magic: MIME type lookup via file magic numbers
|
|
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Copyright (c) 1996-1997 Cisco Systems, Inc.
|
|
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|
|
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This software was submitted by Cisco Systems to the Apache Group
|
|
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in July 1997. Future revisions and derivatives of this source code
|
|
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must acknowledge Cisco Systems as the original contributor of this
|
|
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module. All other licensing and usage conditions are those of the
|
|
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Apache Group.
|
|
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|
|
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Some of this code is derived from the free version of the file
|
|
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command originally posted to comp.sources.unix. Copyright info for
|
|
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that program is included below as required.
|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
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- Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin, 1987. Written by Ian F. Darwin.
|
|
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|
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This software is not subject to any license of the American
|
|
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Telephone and Telegraph Company or of the Regents of the University
|
|
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of California.
|
|
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|
|
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Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any
|
|
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purpose on any computer system, and to alter it and redistribute it
|
|
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freely, subject to the following restrictions:
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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The author is not responsible for the consequences of use of
|
|
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this software, no matter how awful, even if they arise from flaws
|
|
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in it.
|
|
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|
|
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The origin of this software must not be misrepresented, either
|
|
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by explicit claim or by omission. Since few users ever read
|
|
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sources, credits must appear in the documentation.
|
|
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|
|
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Altered versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
|
|
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be misrepresented as being the original software. Since few users
|
|
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ever read sources, credits must appear in the documentation.
|
|
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|
|
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This notice may not be removed or altered.
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
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For compliance with Mr Darwin's terms: this has been very
|
|
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significantly modified from the free "file" command.
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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all-in-one file for compilation convenience when moving from
|
|
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one version of Apache to the next.
|
|
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|
|
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Memory allocation is done through the Apache API's pool
|
|
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structure.
|
|
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|
|
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All functions have had necessary Apache API request or server
|
|
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structures passed to them where necessary to call other Apache API
|
|
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routines. (i.e., usually for logging, files, or memory
|
|
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90a5c9 |
allocation in itself or a called function.)
|
|
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|
|
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struct magic has been converted from an array to a single-ended
|
|
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90a5c9 |
linked list because it only grows one record at a time, it's only
|
|
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90a5c9 |
accessed sequentially, and the Apache API has no equivalent of
|
|
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90a5c9 |
realloc().
|
|
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|
|
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Functions have been changed to get their parameters from the
|
|
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90a5c9 |
server configuration instead of globals. (It should be reentrant
|
|
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90a5c9 |
now but has not been tested in a threaded environment.)
|
|
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90a5c9 |
|
|
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Places where it used to print results to stdout now saves them
|
|
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90a5c9 |
in a list where they're used to set the MIME type in the Apache
|
|
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90a5c9 |
request record.
|
|
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|
|
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Command-line flags have been removed since they will never be
|
|
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used here.
|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
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Description:Enable MIME-type determination based on file contents
|
|
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using the specified magic file
|
|
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Syntax:MimeMagicFile file-path
|
|
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Context:server config, virtual host
|
|
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Status:Extension
|
|
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Module:mod_mime_magic
|
|
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|
|
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The MimeMagicFile directive can be used to
|
|
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enable this module, the default file is distributed at
|
|
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90a5c9 |
conf/magic. Non-rooted paths are relative to the
|
|
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90a5c9 |
ServerRoot. Virtual hosts will use
|
|
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90a5c9 |
the same file as the main server unless a more specific setting is
|
|
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90a5c9 |
used, in which case the more specific setting overrides the main
|
|
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server's file.
|
|
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|
|
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ExampleMimeMagicFile conf/magic
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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Available Languages: en |
|
|
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fr
|
|
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Notice:This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our mailing lists.
|
|
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<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
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var comments_shortname = 'httpd';
|
|
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var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_mime_magic.html';
|
|
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(function(w, d) {
|
|
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if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") {
|
|
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d.write('
|
|
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var s = d.createElement('script');
|
|
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s.type = 'text/javascript';
|
|
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s.async = true;
|
|
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s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
|
|
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(d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
|
|
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}
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|
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else {
|
|
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d.write('
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|
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}
|
|
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})(window, document);
|
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