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<title>Configuration Files - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
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<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<body id="manual-page">
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Modules | Directives | FAQ | Glossary | Sitemap
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Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
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Apache > HTTP Server > Documentation > Version 2.4
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Available Languages: de |
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en |
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fr |
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ja |
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ko |
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tr
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This document describes the files used to configure Apache HTTP
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Server.
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|
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 Syntax of the Configuration Files
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Modules
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Scope of Directives
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.htaccess Files
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See also
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Apache HTTP Server is configured by placing directives in plain text
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configuration files. The main configuration file is usually called
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httpd.conf. The location of this file is set at
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compile-time, but may be overridden with the -f
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command line flag. In addition, other configuration files may be
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added using the Include
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directive, and wildcards can be used to include many configuration
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files. Any directive may be placed in any of these configuration
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files. Changes to the main configuration files are only
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recognized by httpd when it is started or restarted.
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The server also reads a file containing mime document types;
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the filename is set by the TypesConfig directive,
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and is mime.types by default.
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httpd configuration files contain one directive per line.
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The backslash "\" may be used as the last character on a line
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to indicate that the directive continues onto the next line.
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There must be no other characters or white space between the
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backslash and the end of the line.
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Arguments to directives are separated by whitespace. If an
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argument contains spaces, you must enclose that argument in quotes.
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Directives in the configuration files are case-insensitive,
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but arguments to directives are often case sensitive. Lines
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that begin with the hash character "#" are considered
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comments, and are ignored. Comments may not be
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included on the same line as a configuration directive.
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White space occurring before a directive is ignored, so
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you may indent directives for clarity. Blank lines are also ignored.
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The values of variables defined with the Define of or shell environment variables can
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be used in configuration file lines using the syntax ${VAR}.
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If "VAR" is the name of a valid variable, the value of that variable is
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substituted into that spot in the configuration file line, and processing
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continues as if that text were found directly in the configuration file.
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Variables defined with Define take
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precedence over shell environment variables.
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If the "VAR" variable is not found, the characters ${VAR}
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are left unchanged, and a warning is logged.
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Variable names may not contain colon ":" characters, to avoid clashes with
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RewriteMap's syntax.
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Only shell environment variables defined before the server is started
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can be used in expansions. Environment variables defined in the
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configuration file itself, for example with SetEnv, take effect too late to be used for
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expansions in the configuration file.
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The maximum length of a line in normal configuration files, after
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variable substitution and joining any continued lines, is approximately
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16 MiB. In .htaccess files, the
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maximum length is 8190 characters.
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You can check your configuration files for syntax errors
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without starting the server by using apachectl
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configtest or the -t command line
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option.
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You can use mod_info's -DDUMP_CONFIG to
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dump the configuration with all included files and environment
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variables resolved and all comments and non-matching
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<IfDefine> and
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<IfModule> sections
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removed. However, the output does not reflect the merging or overriding
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that may happen for repeated directives.
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httpd is a modular server. This implies that only the most
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basic functionality is included in the core server. Extended
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features are available through modules which can be loaded
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into httpd. By default, a base set of modules is
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included in the server at compile-time. If the server is
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compiled to use dynamically loaded
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modules, then modules can be compiled separately and added at
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any time using the LoadModule
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directive.
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Otherwise, httpd must be recompiled to add or remove modules.
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Configuration directives may be included conditional on a
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presence of a particular module by enclosing them in an <IfModule> block. However,
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<IfModule> blocks are not
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required, and in some cases may mask the fact that you're missing an
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important module.
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To see which modules are currently compiled into the server,
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you can use the -l command line option. You can also
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see what modules are loaded dynamically using the -M
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command line option.
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Directives placed in the main configuration files apply to
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the entire server. If you wish to change the configuration for
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only a part of the server, you can scope your directives by
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placing them in <Directory>, <DirectoryMatch>, <Files>, <FilesMatch>, <Location>, and <LocationMatch>
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sections. These sections limit the application of the
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directives which they enclose to particular filesystem
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locations or URLs. They can also be nested, allowing for very
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fine grained configuration.
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httpd has the capability to serve many different websites
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simultaneously. This is called Virtual
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Hosting. Directives can also be scoped by placing them
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inside <VirtualHost>
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sections, so that they will only apply to requests for a
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particular website.
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Although most directives can be placed in any of these
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sections, some directives do not make sense in some contexts.
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For example, directives controlling process creation can only
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be placed in the main server context. To find which directives
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can be placed in which sections, check the Context of the
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directive. For further information, we provide details on How Directory, Location and Files sections
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work.
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httpd allows for decentralized management of configuration
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via special files placed inside the web tree. The special files
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are usually called .htaccess, but any name can be
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specified in the AccessFileName
|
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directive. Directives placed in .htaccess files
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apply to the directory where you place the file, and all
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sub-directories. The .htaccess files follow the
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same syntax as the main configuration files. Since
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.htaccess files are read on every request, changes
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made in these files take immediate effect.
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To find which directives can be placed in
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.htaccess files, check the Context of the
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directive. The server administrator further controls what
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directives may be placed in .htaccess files by
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configuring the AllowOverride
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directive in the main configuration files.
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For more information on .htaccess files, see
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the .htaccess tutorial.
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Available Languages: de |
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en |
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fr |
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ja |
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ko |
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tr
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Notice:This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our mailing lists.
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var comments_shortname = 'httpd';
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var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/configuring.html';
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if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") {
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d.write('
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var s = d.createElement('script');
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s.async = true;
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s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
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(d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
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}
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else {
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d.write('
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}
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})(window, document);
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//--></script>
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Copyright 2018 The Apache Software Foundation.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
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Modules | Directives | FAQ | Glossary | Sitemap <script type="text/javascript">
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