/* specfunc/gamma.c * * Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 Gerard Jungman * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at * your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */ /* Author: G. Jungman */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "error.h" #include "check.h" #include "chebyshev.h" #include "cheb_eval.c" #define LogRootTwoPi_ 0.9189385332046727418 /*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Private Section *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*/ static struct {int n; double f; long i; } fact_table[GSL_SF_FACT_NMAX + 1] = { { 0, 1.0, 1L }, { 1, 1.0, 1L }, { 2, 2.0, 2L }, { 3, 6.0, 6L }, { 4, 24.0, 24L }, { 5, 120.0, 120L }, { 6, 720.0, 720L }, { 7, 5040.0, 5040L }, { 8, 40320.0, 40320L }, { 9, 362880.0, 362880L }, { 10, 3628800.0, 3628800L }, { 11, 39916800.0, 39916800L }, { 12, 479001600.0, 479001600L }, { 13, 6227020800.0, 0 }, { 14, 87178291200.0, 0 }, { 15, 1307674368000.0, 0 }, { 16, 20922789888000.0, 0 }, { 17, 355687428096000.0, 0 }, { 18, 6402373705728000.0, 0 }, { 19, 121645100408832000.0, 0 }, { 20, 2432902008176640000.0, 0 }, { 21, 51090942171709440000.0, 0 }, { 22, 1124000727777607680000.0, 0 }, { 23, 25852016738884976640000.0, 0 }, { 24, 620448401733239439360000.0, 0 }, { 25, 15511210043330985984000000.0, 0 }, { 26, 403291461126605635584000000.0, 0 }, { 27, 10888869450418352160768000000.0, 0 }, { 28, 304888344611713860501504000000.0, 0 }, { 29, 8841761993739701954543616000000.0, 0 }, { 30, 265252859812191058636308480000000.0, 0 }, { 31, 8222838654177922817725562880000000.0, 0 }, { 32, 263130836933693530167218012160000000.0, 0 }, { 33, 8683317618811886495518194401280000000.0, 0 }, { 34, 2.95232799039604140847618609644e38, 0 }, { 35, 1.03331479663861449296666513375e40, 0 }, { 36, 3.71993326789901217467999448151e41, 0 }, { 37, 1.37637530912263450463159795816e43, 0 }, { 38, 5.23022617466601111760007224100e44, 0 }, { 39, 2.03978820811974433586402817399e46, 0 }, { 40, 8.15915283247897734345611269600e47, 0 }, { 41, 3.34525266131638071081700620534e49, 0 }, { 42, 1.40500611775287989854314260624e51, 0 }, { 43, 6.04152630633738356373551320685e52, 0 }, { 44, 2.65827157478844876804362581101e54, 0 }, { 45, 1.19622220865480194561963161496e56, 0 }, { 46, 5.50262215981208894985030542880e57, 0 }, { 47, 2.58623241511168180642964355154e59, 0 }, { 48, 1.24139155925360726708622890474e61, 0 }, { 49, 6.08281864034267560872252163321e62, 0 }, { 50, 3.04140932017133780436126081661e64, 0 }, { 51, 1.55111875328738228022424301647e66, 0 }, { 52, 8.06581751709438785716606368564e67, 0 }, { 53, 4.27488328406002556429801375339e69, 0 }, { 54, 2.30843697339241380472092742683e71, 0 }, { 55, 1.26964033536582759259651008476e73, 0 }, { 56, 7.10998587804863451854045647464e74, 0 }, { 57, 4.05269195048772167556806019054e76, 0 }, { 58, 2.35056133128287857182947491052e78, 0 }, { 59, 1.38683118545689835737939019720e80, 0 }, { 60, 8.32098711274139014427634118320e81, 0 }, { 61, 5.07580213877224798800856812177e83, 0 }, { 62, 3.14699732603879375256531223550e85, 0 }, { 63, 1.982608315404440064116146708360e87, 0 }, { 64, 1.268869321858841641034333893350e89, 0 }, { 65, 8.247650592082470666723170306800e90, 0 }, { 66, 5.443449390774430640037292402480e92, 0 }, { 67, 3.647111091818868528824985909660e94, 0 }, { 68, 2.480035542436830599600990418570e96, 0 }, { 69, 1.711224524281413113724683388810e98, 0 }, { 70, 1.197857166996989179607278372170e100, 0 }, { 71, 8.504785885678623175211676442400e101, 0 }, { 72, 6.123445837688608686152407038530e103, 0 }, { 73, 4.470115461512684340891257138130e105, 0 }, { 74, 3.307885441519386412259530282210e107, 0 }, { 75, 2.480914081139539809194647711660e109, 0 }, { 76, 1.885494701666050254987932260860e111, 0 }, { 77, 1.451830920282858696340707840860e113, 0 }, { 78, 1.132428117820629783145752115870e115, 0 }, { 79, 8.946182130782975286851441715400e116, 0 }, { 80, 7.156945704626380229481153372320e118, 0 }, { 81, 5.797126020747367985879734231580e120, 0 }, { 82, 4.753643337012841748421382069890e122, 0 }, { 83, 3.945523969720658651189747118010e124, 0 }, { 84, 3.314240134565353266999387579130e126, 0 }, { 85, 2.817104114380550276949479442260e128, 0 }, { 86, 2.422709538367273238176552320340e130, 0 }, { 87, 2.107757298379527717213600518700e132, 0 }, { 88, 1.854826422573984391147968456460e134, 0 }, { 89, 1.650795516090846108121691926250e136, 0 }, { 90, 1.485715964481761497309522733620e138, 0 }, { 91, 1.352001527678402962551665687590e140, 0 }, { 92, 1.243841405464130725547532432590e142, 0 }, { 93, 1.156772507081641574759205162310e144, 0 }, { 94, 1.087366156656743080273652852570e146, 0 }, { 95, 1.032997848823905926259970209940e148, 0 }, { 96, 9.916779348709496892095714015400e149, 0 }, { 97, 9.619275968248211985332842594960e151, 0 }, { 98, 9.426890448883247745626185743100e153, 0 }, { 99, 9.332621544394415268169923885600e155, 0 }, { 100, 9.33262154439441526816992388563e157, 0 }, { 101, 9.42594775983835942085162312450e159, 0 }, { 102, 9.61446671503512660926865558700e161, 0 }, { 103, 9.90290071648618040754671525458e163, 0 }, { 104, 1.02990167451456276238485838648e166, 0 }, { 105, 1.08139675824029090050410130580e168, 0 }, { 106, 1.146280563734708354534347384148e170, 0 }, { 107, 1.226520203196137939351751701040e172, 0 }, { 108, 1.324641819451828974499891837120e174, 0 }, { 109, 1.443859583202493582204882102460e176, 0 }, { 110, 1.588245541522742940425370312710e178, 0 }, { 111, 1.762952551090244663872161047110e180, 0 }, { 112, 1.974506857221074023536820372760e182, 0 }, { 113, 2.231192748659813646596607021220e184, 0 }, { 114, 2.543559733472187557120132004190e186, 0 }, { 115, 2.925093693493015690688151804820e188, 0 }, { 116, 3.393108684451898201198256093590e190, 0 }, { 117, 3.96993716080872089540195962950e192, 0 }, { 118, 4.68452584975429065657431236281e194, 0 }, { 119, 5.57458576120760588132343171174e196, 0 }, { 120, 6.68950291344912705758811805409e198, 0 }, { 121, 8.09429852527344373968162284545e200, 0 }, { 122, 9.87504420083360136241157987140e202, 0 }, { 123, 1.21463043670253296757662432419e205, 0 }, { 124, 1.50614174151114087979501416199e207, 0 }, { 125, 1.88267717688892609974376770249e209, 0 }, { 126, 2.37217324288004688567714730514e211, 0 }, { 127, 3.01266001845765954480997707753e213, 0 }, { 128, 3.85620482362580421735677065923e215, 0 }, { 129, 4.97450422247728744039023415041e217, 0 }, { 130, 6.46685548922047367250730439554e219, 0 }, { 131, 8.47158069087882051098456875820e221, 0 }, { 132, 1.11824865119600430744996307608e224, 0 }, { 133, 1.48727070609068572890845089118e226, 0 }, { 134, 1.99294274616151887673732419418e228, 0 }, { 135, 2.69047270731805048359538766215e230, 0 }, { 136, 3.65904288195254865768972722052e232, 0 }, { 137, 5.01288874827499166103492629211e234, 0 }, { 138, 6.91778647261948849222819828311e236, 0 }, { 139, 9.61572319694108900419719561353e238, 0 }, { 140, 1.34620124757175246058760738589e241, 0 }, { 141, 1.89814375907617096942852641411e243, 0 }, { 142, 2.69536413788816277658850750804e245, 0 }, { 143, 3.85437071718007277052156573649e247, 0 }, { 144, 5.55029383273930478955105466055e249, 0 }, { 145, 8.04792605747199194484902925780e251, 0 }, { 146, 1.17499720439091082394795827164e254, 0 }, { 147, 1.72724589045463891120349865931e256, 0 }, { 148, 2.55632391787286558858117801578e258, 0 }, { 149, 3.80892263763056972698595524351e260, 0 }, { 150, 5.71338395644585459047893286526e262, 0 }, { 151, 8.62720977423324043162318862650e264, 0 }, { 152, 1.31133588568345254560672467123e267, 0 }, { 153, 2.00634390509568239477828874699e269, 0 }, { 154, 3.08976961384735088795856467036e271, 0 }, { 155, 4.78914290146339387633577523906e273, 0 }, { 156, 7.47106292628289444708380937294e275, 0 }, { 157, 1.17295687942641442819215807155e278, 0 }, { 158, 1.85327186949373479654360975305e280, 0 }, { 159, 2.94670227249503832650433950735e282, 0 }, { 160, 4.71472363599206132240694321176e284, 0 }, { 161, 7.59070505394721872907517857094e286, 0 }, { 162, 1.22969421873944943411017892849e289, 0 }, { 163, 2.00440157654530257759959165344e291, 0 }, { 164, 3.28721858553429622726333031164e293, 0 }, { 165, 5.42391066613158877498449501421e295, 0 }, { 166, 9.00369170577843736647426172359e297, 0 }, { 167, 1.50361651486499904020120170784e300, 0 }, { 168, 2.52607574497319838753801886917e302, 0 }, { 169, 4.26906800900470527493925188890e304, 0 }, { 170, 7.25741561530799896739672821113e306, 0 }, /* { 171, 1.24101807021766782342484052410e309, 0 }, { 172, 2.13455108077438865629072570146e311, 0 }, { 173, 3.69277336973969237538295546352e313, 0 }, { 174, 6.42542566334706473316634250653e315, 0 }, { 175, 1.12444949108573632830410993864e318, 0 }, { 176, 1.97903110431089593781523349201e320, 0 }, { 177, 3.50288505463028580993296328086e322, 0 }, { 178, 6.23513539724190874168067463993e324, 0 }, { 179, 1.11608923610630166476084076055e327, 0 }, { 180, 2.00896062499134299656951336898e329, 0 }, { 181, 3.63621873123433082379081919786e331, 0 }, { 182, 6.61791809084648209929929094011e333, 0 }, { 183, 1.21107901062490622417177024204e336, 0 }, { 184, 2.22838537954982745247605724535e338, 0 }, { 185, 4.12251295216718078708070590390e340, 0 }, { 186, 7.66787409103095626397011298130e342, 0 }, { 187, 1.43389245502278882136241112750e345, 0 }, { 188, 2.69571781544284298416133291969e347, 0 }, { 189, 5.09490667118697324006491921822e349, 0 }, { 190, 9.68032267525524915612334651460e351, 0 }, { 191, 1.84894163097375258881955918429e354, 0 }, { 192, 3.54996793146960497053355363384e356, 0 }, { 193, 6.85143810773633759312975851330e358, 0 }, { 194, 1.32917899290084949306717315158e361, 0 }, { 195, 2.59189903615665651148098764559e363, 0 }, { 196, 5.08012211086704676250273578535e365, 0 }, { 197, 1.00078405584080821221303894971e368, 0 }, { 198, 1.98155243056480026018181712043e370, 0 }, { 199, 3.94328933682395251776181606966e372, 0 }, { 200, 7.88657867364790503552363213932e374, 0 } */ }; static struct {int n; double f; long i; } doub_fact_table[GSL_SF_DOUBLEFACT_NMAX + 1] = { { 0, 1.000000000000000000000000000, 1L }, { 1, 1.000000000000000000000000000, 1L }, { 2, 2.000000000000000000000000000, 2L }, { 3, 3.000000000000000000000000000, 3L }, { 4, 8.000000000000000000000000000, 8L }, { 5, 15.00000000000000000000000000, 15L }, { 6, 48.00000000000000000000000000, 48L }, { 7, 105.0000000000000000000000000, 105L }, { 8, 384.0000000000000000000000000, 384L }, { 9, 945.0000000000000000000000000, 945L }, { 10, 3840.000000000000000000000000, 3840L }, { 11, 10395.00000000000000000000000, 10395L }, { 12, 46080.00000000000000000000000, 46080L }, { 13, 135135.0000000000000000000000, 135135L }, { 14, 645120.00000000000000000000000, 645120L }, { 15, 2.02702500000000000000000000000e6, 2027025L }, { 16, 1.03219200000000000000000000000e7, 10321920L }, { 17, 3.4459425000000000000000000000e7, 34459425L }, { 18, 1.85794560000000000000000000000e8, 185794560L }, { 19, 6.5472907500000000000000000000e8, 0 }, { 20, 3.7158912000000000000000000000e9, 0 }, { 21, 1.37493105750000000000000000000e10, 0 }, { 22, 8.1749606400000000000000000000e10, 0 }, { 23, 3.1623414322500000000000000000e11, 0 }, { 24, 1.96199055360000000000000000000e12, 0 }, { 25, 7.9058535806250000000000000000e12, 0 }, { 26, 5.1011754393600000000000000000e13, 0 }, { 27, 2.13458046676875000000000000000e14, 0 }, { 28, 1.42832912302080000000000000000e15, 0 }, { 29, 6.1902833536293750000000000000e15, 0 }, { 30, 4.2849873690624000000000000000e16, 0 }, { 31, 1.91898783962510625000000000000e17, 0 }, { 32, 1.37119595809996800000000000000e18, 0 }, { 33, 6.3326598707628506250000000000e18, 0 }, { 34, 4.6620662575398912000000000000e19, 0 }, { 35, 2.21643095476699771875000000000e20, 0 }, { 36, 1.67834385271436083200000000000e21, 0 }, { 37, 8.2007945326378915593750000000e21, 0 }, { 38, 6.3777066403145711616000000000e22, 0 }, { 39, 3.1983098677287777081562500000e23, 0 }, { 40, 2.55108265612582846464000000000e24, 0 }, { 41, 1.31130704576879886034406250000e25, 0 }, { 42, 1.07145471557284795514880000000e26, 0 }, { 43, 5.6386202968058350994794687500e26, 0 }, { 44, 4.7144007485205310026547200000e27, 0 }, { 45, 2.53737913356262579476576093750e28, 0 }, { 46, 2.16862434431944426122117120000e29, 0 }, { 47, 1.19256819277443412353990764062e30, 0 }, { 48, 1.04093968527333324538616217600e31, 0 }, { 49, 5.8435841445947272053455474391e31, 0 }, { 50, 5.2046984263666662269308108800e32, 0 }, { 51, 2.98022791374331087472622919392e33, 0 }, { 52, 2.70644318171066643800402165760e34, 0 }, { 53, 1.57952079428395476360490147278e35, 0 }, { 54, 1.46147931812375987652217169510e36, 0 }, { 55, 8.6873643685617511998269581003e36, 0 }, { 56, 8.1842841814930553085241614926e37, 0 }, { 57, 4.9517976900801981839013661172e38, 0 }, { 58, 4.7468848252659720789440136657e39, 0 }, { 59, 2.92156063714731692850180600912e40, 0 }, { 60, 2.84813089515958324736640819942e41, 0 }, { 61, 1.78215198865986332638610166557e42, 0 }, { 62, 1.76584115499894161336717308364e43, 0 }, { 63, 1.12275575285571389562324404931e44, 0 }, { 64, 1.13013833919932263255499077353e45, 0 }, { 65, 7.2979123935621403215510863205e45, 0 }, { 66, 7.4589130387155293748629391053e46, 0 }, { 67, 4.8896013036866340154392278347e47, 0 }, { 68, 5.0720608663265599749067985916e48, 0 }, { 69, 3.3738248995437774706530672060e49, 0 }, { 70, 3.5504426064285919824347590141e50, 0 }, { 71, 2.39541567867608200416367771623e51, 0 }, { 72, 2.55631867662858622735302649017e52, 0 }, { 73, 1.74865344543353986303948473285e53, 0 }, { 74, 1.89167582070515380824123960272e54, 0 }, { 75, 1.31149008407515489727961354964e55, 0 }, { 76, 1.43767362373591689426334209807e56, 0 }, { 77, 1.00984736473786927090530243322e57, 0 }, { 78, 1.12138542651401517752540683649e58, 0 }, { 79, 7.9777941814291672401518892225e58, 0 }, { 80, 8.9710834121121214202032546920e59, 0 }, { 81, 6.4620132869576254645230302702e60, 0 }, { 82, 7.3562883979319395645666688474e61, 0 }, { 83, 5.3634710281748291355541151243e62, 0 }, { 84, 6.1792822542628292342360018318e63, 0 }, { 85, 4.5589503739486047652209978556e64, 0 }, { 86, 5.3141827386660331414429615754e65, 0 }, { 87, 3.9662868253352861457422681344e66, 0 }, { 88, 4.6764808100261091644698061863e67, 0 }, { 89, 3.5299952745484046697106186396e68, 0 }, { 90, 4.2088327290234982480228255677e69, 0 }, { 91, 3.2122956998390482494366629620e70, 0 }, { 92, 3.8721261107016183881809995223e71, 0 }, { 93, 2.98743500085031487197609655470e72, 0 }, { 94, 3.6397985440595212848901395509e73, 0 }, { 95, 2.83806325080779912837729172696e74, 0 }, { 96, 3.4942066022971404334945339689e75, 0 }, { 97, 2.75292135328356515452597297515e76, 0 }, { 98, 3.4243224702511976248246432895e77, 0 }, { 99, 2.72539213975072950298071324540e78, 0 }, { 100, 3.4243224702511976248246432895e79, 0 }, { 101, 2.75264606114823679801052037785e80, 0 }, { 102, 3.4928089196562215773211361553e81, 0 }, { 103, 2.83522544298268390195083598919e82, 0 }, { 104, 3.6325212764424704404139816015e83, 0 }, { 105, 2.97698671513181809704837778865e84, 0 }, { 106, 3.8504725530290186668388204976e85, 0 }, { 107, 3.1853757851910453638417642339e86, 0 }, { 108, 4.1585103572713401601859261374e87, 0 }, { 109, 3.4720596058582394465875230149e88, 0 }, { 110, 4.5743613929984741762045187512e89, 0 }, { 111, 3.8539861625026457857121505465e90, 0 }, { 112, 5.1232847601582910773490610013e91, 0 }, { 113, 4.3550043636279897378547301176e92, 0 }, { 114, 5.8405446265804518281779295415e93, 0 }, { 115, 5.0082550181721881985329396352e94, 0 }, { 116, 6.7750317668333241206863982681e95, 0 }, { 117, 5.8596583712614601922835393732e96, 0 }, { 118, 7.9945374848633224624099499564e97, 0 }, { 119, 6.9729934618011376288174118541e98, 0 }, { 120, 9.5934449818359869548919399477e99, 0 }, { 121, 8.4373220887793765308690683435e100, 0 }, { 122, 1.17040028778399040849681667362e102, 0 }, { 123, 1.03779061691986331329689540625e103, 0 }, { 124, 1.45129635685214810653605267528e104, 0 }, { 125, 1.29723827114982914162111925781e105, 0 }, { 126, 1.82863340963370661423542637086e106, 0 }, { 127, 1.64749260436028300985882145742e107, 0 }, { 128, 2.34065076433114446622134575470e108, 0 }, { 129, 2.12526545962476508271787968008e109, 0 }, { 130, 3.04284599363048780608774948111e110, 0 }, { 131, 2.78409775210844225836042238090e111, 0 }, { 132, 4.0165567115922439040358293151e112, 0 }, { 133, 3.7028500103042282036193617666e113, 0 }, { 134, 5.3821859935336068314080112822e114, 0 }, { 135, 4.9988475139107080748861383849e115, 0 }, { 136, 7.3197729512057052907148953438e116, 0 }, { 137, 6.8484210940576700625940095873e117, 0 }, { 138, 1.01012866726638733011865555744e119, 0 }, { 139, 9.5193053207401613870056733264e119, 0 }, { 140, 1.41418013417294226216611778042e121, 0 }, { 141, 1.34222205022436275556779993902e122, 0 }, { 142, 2.00813579052557801227588724819e123, 0 }, { 143, 1.91937753182083874046195391280e124, 0 }, { 144, 2.89171553835683233767727763739e125, 0 }, { 145, 2.78309742114021617366983317355e126, 0 }, { 146, 4.2219046860009752130088253506e127, 0 }, { 147, 4.0911532090761177752946547651e128, 0 }, { 148, 6.2484189352814433152530615189e129, 0 }, { 149, 6.0958182815234154851890356000e130, 0 }, { 150, 9.3726284029221649728795922783e131, 0 }, { 151, 9.2046856051003573826354437561e132, 0 }, { 152, 1.42463951724416907587769802630e134, 0 }, { 153, 1.40831689758035467954322289468e135, 0 }, { 154, 2.19394485655602037685165496051e136, 0 }, { 155, 2.18289119124954975329199548675e137, 0 }, { 156, 3.4225539762273917878885817384e138, 0 }, { 157, 3.4271391702617931126684329142e139, 0 }, { 158, 5.4076352824392790248639591467e140, 0 }, { 159, 5.4491512807162510491428083336e141, 0 }, { 160, 8.6522164519028464397823346347e142, 0 }, { 161, 8.7731335619531641891199214170e143, 0 }, { 162, 1.40165906520826112324473821082e145, 0 }, { 163, 1.43002077059836576282654719098e146, 0 }, { 164, 2.29872086694154824212137066574e147, 0 }, { 165, 2.35953427148730350866380286512e148, 0 }, { 166, 3.8158766391229700819214753051e149, 0 }, { 167, 3.9404222333837968594685507847e150, 0 }, { 168, 6.4106727537265897376280785126e151, 0 }, { 169, 6.6593135744186166925018508262e152, 0 }, { 170, 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4.3866663989381319651591070885e199, 0 }, { 211, 5.0901486119543945858536189892e200, 0 }, { 212, 9.2997327657488397661373070276e201, 0 }, { 213, 1.08420165434628604678682084470e203, 0 }, { 214, 1.99014281187025170995338370390e204, 0 }, { 215, 2.33103355684451500059166481610e205, 0 }, { 216, 4.2987084736397436934993088004e206, 0 }, { 217, 5.0583428183525975512839126509e207, 0 }, { 218, 9.3711844725346412518284931849e208, 0 }, { 219, 1.10777707721921886373117687056e210, 0 }, { 220, 2.06166058395762107540226850068e211, 0 }, { 221, 2.44818734065447368884590088393e212, 0 }, { 222, 4.5768864963859187873930360715e213, 0 }, { 223, 5.4594577696594763261263589712e214, 0 }, { 224, 1.02522257519044580837604008002e216, 0 }, { 225, 1.22837799817338217337843076851e217, 0 }, { 226, 2.31700301993040752692985058084e218, 0 }, { 227, 2.78841805585357753356903784452e219, 0 }, { 228, 5.2827668854413291614000593243e220, 0 }, { 229, 6.3854773479046925518730966640e221, 0 }, { 230, 1.21503638365150570712201364459e223, 0 }, { 231, 1.47504526736598397948268532937e224, 0 }, { 232, 2.81888441007149324052307165546e225, 0 }, { 233, 3.4368554729627426721946568174e226, 0 }, { 234, 6.5961895195672941828239876738e227, 0 }, { 235, 8.0766103614624452796574435210e228, 0 }, { 236, 1.55670072661788142714646109101e230, 0 }, { 237, 1.91415665566659953127881411447e231, 0 }, { 238, 3.7049477293505577966085773966e232, 0 }, { 239, 4.5748344070431728797563657336e233, 0 }, { 240, 8.8918745504413387118605857518e234, 0 }, { 241, 1.10253509209740466402128414180e236, 0 }, { 242, 2.15183364120680396827026175195e237, 0 }, { 243, 2.67916027379669333357172046456e238, 0 }, { 244, 5.2504740845446016825794386748e239, 0 }, { 245, 6.5639426708018986672507151382e240, 0 }, { 246, 1.29161662479797201391454191399e242, 0 }, { 247, 1.62129383968806897081092663913e243, 0 }, { 248, 3.2032092294989705945080639467e244, 0 }, { 249, 4.0370216608232917373192073314e245, 0 }, { 250, 8.0080230737474264862701598667e246, 0 }, { 251, 1.01329243686664622606712104019e248, 0 }, { 252, 2.01802181458435147454008028642e249, 0 }, { 253, 2.56362986527261495194981623168e250, 0 }, { 254, 5.1257754090442527453318039275e251, 0 }, { 255, 6.5372561564451681274720313908e252, 0 }, { 256, 1.31219850471532870280494180544e254, 0 }, { 257, 1.68007483220640820876031206743e255, 0 }, { 258, 3.3854721421655480532367498580e256, 0 }, { 259, 4.3513938154145972606892082546e257, 0 }, { 260, 8.8022275696304249384155496309e258, 0 }, { 261, 1.13571378582320988503988335446e260, 0 }, { 262, 2.30618362324317133386487400329e261, 0 }, { 263, 2.98692725671504199765489322224e262, 0 }, { 264, 6.0883247653619723214032673687e263, 0 }, { 265, 7.9153572302948612937854670389e264, 0 }, { 266, 1.61949438758628463749326912007e266, 0 }, { 267, 2.11340038048872796544071969939e267, 0 }, { 268, 4.3402449587312428284819612418e268, 0 }, { 269, 5.6850470235146782270355359914e269, 0 }, { 270, 1.17186613885743556369012953528e271, 0 }, { 271, 1.54064774337247779952663025366e272, 0 }, { 272, 3.1874758976922247332371523360e273, 0 }, { 273, 4.2059683394068643927077005925e274, 0 }, { 274, 8.7336839596766957690697974006e275, 0 }, { 275, 1.15664129333688770799461766294e277, 0 }, { 276, 2.41049677287076803226326408256e278, 0 }, { 277, 3.2038963825431789511450909263e279, 0 }, { 278, 6.7011810285807351296918741495e280, 0 }, { 279, 8.9388709072954692736948036845e281, 0 }, { 280, 1.87633068800260583631372476186e283, 0 }, { 281, 2.51182272495002686590823983534e284, 0 }, { 282, 5.2912525401673484584047038284e285, 0 }, { 283, 7.1084583116085760305203187340e286, 0 }, { 284, 1.50271572140752696218693588728e288, 0 }, { 285, 2.02591061880844416869829083919e289, 0 }, { 286, 4.2977669632255271118546366376e290, 0 }, { 287, 5.8143634759802347641640947085e291, 0 }, { 288, 1.23775688540895180821413535163e293, 0 }, { 289, 1.68035104455828784684342337075e294, 0 }, { 290, 3.5894949676859602438209925197e295, 0 }, { 291, 4.8898215396646176343143620089e296, 0 }, { 292, 1.04813253056430039119572981576e298, 0 }, { 293, 1.43271771112173296685410806860e299, 0 }, { 294, 3.08150963985904315011544565835e300, 0 }, { 295, 4.2265172478091122522196188024e301, 0 }, { 296, 9.1212685339827677243417191487e302, 0 }, { 297, 1.25527562259930633890922678431e304, 0 }, /* { 298, 2.71813802312686478185383230631e305, 0 }, { 299, 3.7532741115719259533385880851e306, 0 }, { 300, 8.1544140693805943455614969189e307, } */ }; /* Chebyshev coefficients for Gamma*(3/4(t+1)+1/2), -1val = (zr+0.5)*log1_r.val - zi*log1_i.val - (zr+7.5) + LogRootTwoPi_ + logAg_r.val; yi->val = zi*log1_r.val + (zr+0.5)*log1_i.val - zi + logAg_i.val; yr->err = 4.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(yr->val); yi->err = 4.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(yi->val); yi_tmp_val = yi->val; yi_tmp_err = yi->err; gsl_sf_angle_restrict_symm_err_e(yi_tmp_val, yi); yi->err += yi_tmp_err; return GSL_SUCCESS; } /* Lanczos method for real x > 0; * gamma=7, truncated at 1/(z+8) * [J. SIAM Numer. Anal, Ser. B, 1 (1964) 86] */ static int lngamma_lanczos(double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { int k; double Ag; double term1, term2; x -= 1.0; /* Lanczos writes z! instead of Gamma(z) */ Ag = lanczos_7_c[0]; for(k=1; k<=8; k++) { Ag += lanczos_7_c[k]/(x+k); } /* (x+0.5)*log(x+7.5) - (x+7.5) + LogRootTwoPi_ + log(Ag(x)) */ term1 = (x+0.5)*log((x+7.5)/M_E); term2 = LogRootTwoPi_ + log(Ag); result->val = term1 + (term2 - 7.0); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * (fabs(term1) + fabs(term2) + 7.0); result->err += GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } /* x = eps near zero * gives double-precision for |eps| < 0.02 */ static int lngamma_sgn_0(double eps, gsl_sf_result * lng, double * sgn) { /* calculate series for g(eps) = Gamma(eps) eps - 1/(1+eps) - eps/2 */ const double c1 = -0.07721566490153286061; const double c2 = -0.01094400467202744461; const double c3 = 0.09252092391911371098; const double c4 = -0.01827191316559981266; const double c5 = 0.01800493109685479790; const double c6 = -0.00685088537872380685; const double c7 = 0.00399823955756846603; const double c8 = -0.00189430621687107802; const double c9 = 0.00097473237804513221; const double c10 = -0.00048434392722255893; const double g6 = c6+eps*(c7+eps*(c8 + eps*(c9 + eps*c10))); const double g = eps*(c1+eps*(c2+eps*(c3+eps*(c4+eps*(c5+eps*g6))))); /* calculate Gamma(eps) eps, a positive quantity */ const double gee = g + 1.0/(1.0+eps) + 0.5*eps; lng->val = log(gee/fabs(eps)); lng->err = 4.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(lng->val); *sgn = GSL_SIGN(eps); return GSL_SUCCESS; } /* x near a negative integer * Calculates sign as well as log(|gamma(x)|). * x = -N + eps * assumes N >= 1 */ static int lngamma_sgn_sing(int N, double eps, gsl_sf_result * lng, double * sgn) { if(eps == 0.0) { lng->val = 0.0; lng->err = 0.0; *sgn = 0.0; GSL_ERROR ("error", GSL_EDOM); } else if(N == 1) { /* calculate series for * g = eps gamma(-1+eps) + 1 + eps/2 (1+3eps)/(1-eps^2) * double-precision for |eps| < 0.02 */ const double c0 = 0.07721566490153286061; const double c1 = 0.08815966957356030521; const double c2 = -0.00436125434555340577; const double c3 = 0.01391065882004640689; const double c4 = -0.00409427227680839100; const double c5 = 0.00275661310191541584; const double c6 = -0.00124162645565305019; const double c7 = 0.00065267976121802783; const double c8 = -0.00032205261682710437; const double c9 = 0.00016229131039545456; const double g5 = c5 + eps*(c6 + eps*(c7 + eps*(c8 + eps*c9))); const double g = eps*(c0 + eps*(c1 + eps*(c2 + eps*(c3 + eps*(c4 + eps*g5))))); /* calculate eps gamma(-1+eps), a negative quantity */ const double gam_e = g - 1.0 - 0.5*eps*(1.0+3.0*eps)/(1.0 - eps*eps); lng->val = log(fabs(gam_e)/fabs(eps)); lng->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(lng->val); *sgn = ( eps > 0.0 ? -1.0 : 1.0 ); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { double g; /* series for sin(Pi(N+1-eps))/(Pi eps) modulo the sign * double-precision for |eps| < 0.02 */ const double cs1 = -1.6449340668482264365; const double cs2 = 0.8117424252833536436; const double cs3 = -0.1907518241220842137; const double cs4 = 0.0261478478176548005; const double cs5 = -0.0023460810354558236; const double e2 = eps*eps; const double sin_ser = 1.0 + e2*(cs1+e2*(cs2+e2*(cs3+e2*(cs4+e2*cs5)))); /* calculate series for ln(gamma(1+N-eps)) * double-precision for |eps| < 0.02 */ double aeps = fabs(eps); double c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7; double lng_ser; gsl_sf_result c0; gsl_sf_result psi_0; gsl_sf_result psi_1; gsl_sf_result psi_2; gsl_sf_result psi_3; gsl_sf_result psi_4; gsl_sf_result psi_5; gsl_sf_result psi_6; psi_2.val = 0.0; psi_3.val = 0.0; psi_4.val = 0.0; psi_5.val = 0.0; psi_6.val = 0.0; gsl_sf_lnfact_e(N, &c0); gsl_sf_psi_int_e(N+1, &psi_0); gsl_sf_psi_1_int_e(N+1, &psi_1); if(aeps > 0.00001) gsl_sf_psi_n_e(2, N+1.0, &psi_2); if(aeps > 0.0002) gsl_sf_psi_n_e(3, N+1.0, &psi_3); if(aeps > 0.001) gsl_sf_psi_n_e(4, N+1.0, &psi_4); if(aeps > 0.005) gsl_sf_psi_n_e(5, N+1.0, &psi_5); if(aeps > 0.01) gsl_sf_psi_n_e(6, N+1.0, &psi_6); c1 = psi_0.val; c2 = psi_1.val/2.0; c3 = psi_2.val/6.0; c4 = psi_3.val/24.0; c5 = psi_4.val/120.0; c6 = psi_5.val/720.0; c7 = psi_6.val/5040.0; lng_ser = c0.val-eps*(c1-eps*(c2-eps*(c3-eps*(c4-eps*(c5-eps*(c6-eps*c7)))))); /* calculate * g = ln(|eps gamma(-N+eps)|) * = -ln(gamma(1+N-eps)) + ln(|eps Pi/sin(Pi(N+1+eps))|) */ g = -lng_ser - log(sin_ser); lng->val = g - log(fabs(eps)); lng->err = c0.err + 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * (fabs(g) + fabs(lng->val)); *sgn = ( GSL_IS_ODD(N) ? -1.0 : 1.0 ) * ( eps > 0.0 ? 1.0 : -1.0 ); return GSL_SUCCESS; } } /* This gets bad near the negative half axis. However, this * region can be avoided by use of the reflection formula, as usual. * Only the first two terms of the series are kept. */ #if 0 static int lngamma_complex_stirling(const double zr, const double zi, double * lg_r, double * arg) { double re_zinv, im_zinv; double re_zinv2, im_zinv2; double re_zinv3, im_zinv3; double re_zhlnz, im_zhlnz; double r, lnr, theta; gsl_sf_complex_log_e(zr, zi, &lnr, &theta); /* z = r e^{i theta} */ r = exp(lnr); re_zinv = (zr/r)/r; im_zinv = -(zi/r)/r; re_zinv2 = re_zinv*re_zinv - im_zinv*im_zinv; re_zinv2 = 2.0*re_zinv*im_zinv; re_zinv3 = re_zinv2*re_zinv - im_zinv2*im_zinv; re_zinv3 = re_zinv2*im_zinv + im_zinv2*re_zinv; re_zhlnz = (zr - 0.5)*lnr - zi*theta; im_zhlnz = zi*lnr + zr*theta; *lg_r = re_zhlnz - zr + 0.5*(M_LN2+M_LNPI) + re_zinv/12.0 - re_zinv3/360.0; *arg = im_zhlnz - zi + 1.0/12.0*im_zinv - im_zinv3/360.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } #endif /* 0 */ inline static int lngamma_1_pade(const double eps, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* Use (2,2) Pade for Log[Gamma[1+eps]]/eps * plus a correction series. */ const double n1 = -1.0017419282349508699871138440; const double n2 = 1.7364839209922879823280541733; const double d1 = 1.2433006018858751556055436011; const double d2 = 5.0456274100274010152489597514; const double num = (eps + n1) * (eps + n2); const double den = (eps + d1) * (eps + d2); const double pade = 2.0816265188662692474880210318 * num / den; const double c0 = 0.004785324257581753; const double c1 = -0.01192457083645441; const double c2 = 0.01931961413960498; const double c3 = -0.02594027398725020; const double c4 = 0.03141928755021455; const double eps5 = eps*eps*eps*eps*eps; const double corr = eps5 * (c0 + eps*(c1 + eps*(c2 + eps*(c3 + c4*eps)))); result->val = eps * (pade + corr); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } inline static int lngamma_2_pade(const double eps, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* Use (2,2) Pade for Log[Gamma[2+eps]]/eps * plus a correction series. */ const double n1 = 1.000895834786669227164446568; const double n2 = 4.209376735287755081642901277; const double d1 = 2.618851904903217274682578255; const double d2 = 10.85766559900983515322922936; const double num = (eps + n1) * (eps + n2); const double den = (eps + d1) * (eps + d2); const double pade = 2.85337998765781918463568869 * num/den; const double c0 = 0.0001139406357036744; const double c1 = -0.0001365435269792533; const double c2 = 0.0001067287169183665; const double c3 = -0.0000693271800931282; const double c4 = 0.0000407220927867950; const double eps5 = eps*eps*eps*eps*eps; const double corr = eps5 * (c0 + eps*(c1 + eps*(c2 + eps*(c3 + c4*eps)))); result->val = eps * (pade + corr); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } /* series for gammastar(x) * double-precision for x > 10.0 */ static int gammastar_ser(const double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* Use the Stirling series for the correction to Log(Gamma(x)), * which is better behaved and easier to compute than the * regular Stirling series for Gamma(x). */ const double y = 1.0/(x*x); const double c0 = 1.0/12.0; const double c1 = -1.0/360.0; const double c2 = 1.0/1260.0; const double c3 = -1.0/1680.0; const double c4 = 1.0/1188.0; const double c5 = -691.0/360360.0; const double c6 = 1.0/156.0; const double c7 = -3617.0/122400.0; const double ser = c0 + y*(c1 + y*(c2 + y*(c3 + y*(c4 + y*(c5 + y*(c6 + y*c7)))))); result->val = exp(ser/x); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * result->val * GSL_MAX_DBL(1.0, ser/x); return GSL_SUCCESS; } /* Chebyshev expansion for log(gamma(x)/gamma(8)) * 5 < x < 10 * -1 < t < 1 */ static double gamma_5_10_data[24] = { -1.5285594096661578881275075214, 4.8259152300595906319768555035, 0.2277712320977614992970601978, -0.0138867665685617873604917300, 0.0012704876495201082588139723, -0.0001393841240254993658962470, 0.0000169709242992322702260663, -2.2108528820210580075775889168e-06, 3.0196602854202309805163918716e-07, -4.2705675000079118380587357358e-08, 6.2026423818051402794663551945e-09, -9.1993973208880910416311405656e-10, 1.3875551258028145778301211638e-10, -2.1218861491906788718519522978e-11, 3.2821736040381439555133562600e-12, -5.1260001009953791220611135264e-13, 8.0713532554874636696982146610e-14, -1.2798522376569209083811628061e-14, 2.0417711600852502310258808643e-15, -3.2745239502992355776882614137e-16, 5.2759418422036579482120897453e-17, -8.5354147151695233960425725513e-18, 1.3858639703888078291599886143e-18, -2.2574398807738626571560124396e-19 }; static const cheb_series gamma_5_10_cs = { gamma_5_10_data, 23, -1, 1, 11 }; /* gamma(x) for x >= 1/2 * assumes x >= 1/2 */ static int gamma_xgthalf(const double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(x == 0.5) { result->val = 1.77245385090551602729817; result->err = GSL_DBL_EPSILON * result->val; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if (x <= (GSL_SF_FACT_NMAX + 1.0) && x == floor(x)) { int n = (int) floor (x); result->val = fact_table[n - 1].f; result->err = GSL_DBL_EPSILON * result->val; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(fabs(x - 1.0) < 0.01) { /* Use series for Gamma[1+eps] - 1/(1+eps). */ const double eps = x - 1.0; const double c1 = 0.4227843350984671394; const double c2 = -0.01094400467202744461; const double c3 = 0.09252092391911371098; const double c4 = -0.018271913165599812664; const double c5 = 0.018004931096854797895; const double c6 = -0.006850885378723806846; const double c7 = 0.003998239557568466030; result->val = 1.0/x + eps*(c1+eps*(c2+eps*(c3+eps*(c4+eps*(c5+eps*(c6+eps*c7)))))); result->err = GSL_DBL_EPSILON; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(fabs(x - 2.0) < 0.01) { /* Use series for Gamma[1 + eps]. */ const double eps = x - 2.0; const double c1 = 0.4227843350984671394; const double c2 = 0.4118403304264396948; const double c3 = 0.08157691924708626638; const double c4 = 0.07424901075351389832; const double c5 = -0.00026698206874501476832; const double c6 = 0.011154045718130991049; const double c7 = -0.002852645821155340816; const double c8 = 0.0021039333406973880085; result->val = 1.0 + eps*(c1+eps*(c2+eps*(c3+eps*(c4+eps*(c5+eps*(c6+eps*(c7+eps*c8))))))); result->err = GSL_DBL_EPSILON; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(x < 5.0) { /* Exponentiating the logarithm is fine, as * long as the exponential is not so large * that it greatly amplifies the error. */ gsl_sf_result lg; lngamma_lanczos(x, &lg); result->val = exp(lg.val); result->err = result->val * (lg.err + 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(x < 10.0) { /* This is a sticky area. The logarithm * is too large and the gammastar series * is not good. */ const double gamma_8 = 5040.0; const double t = (2.0*x - 15.0)/5.0; gsl_sf_result c; cheb_eval_e(&gamma_5_10_cs, t, &c); result->val = exp(c.val) * gamma_8; result->err = result->val * c.err; result->err += 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * result->val; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(x < GSL_SF_GAMMA_XMAX) { /* We do not want to exponentiate the logarithm * if x is large because of the inevitable * inflation of the error. So we carefully * use pow() and exp() with exact quantities. */ double p = pow(x, 0.5*x); double e = exp(-x); double q = (p * e) * p; double pre = M_SQRT2 * M_SQRTPI * q/sqrt(x); gsl_sf_result gstar; int stat_gs = gammastar_ser(x, &gstar); result->val = pre * gstar.val; result->err = (x + 2.5) * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * result->val; return stat_gs; } else { OVERFLOW_ERROR(result); } } /*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Functions with Error Codes *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*/ int gsl_sf_lngamma_e(double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(fabs(x - 1.0) < 0.01) { /* Note that we must amplify the errors * from the Pade evaluations because of * the way we must pass the argument, i.e. * writing (1-x) is a loss of precision * when x is near 1. */ int stat = lngamma_1_pade(x - 1.0, result); result->err *= 1.0/(GSL_DBL_EPSILON + fabs(x - 1.0)); return stat; } else if(fabs(x - 2.0) < 0.01) { int stat = lngamma_2_pade(x - 2.0, result); result->err *= 1.0/(GSL_DBL_EPSILON + fabs(x - 2.0)); return stat; } else if(x >= 0.5) { return lngamma_lanczos(x, result); } else if(x == 0.0) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(fabs(x) < 0.02) { double sgn; return lngamma_sgn_0(x, result, &sgn); } else if(x > -0.5/(GSL_DBL_EPSILON*M_PI)) { /* Try to extract a fractional * part from x. */ double z = 1.0 - x; double s = sin(M_PI*z); double as = fabs(s); if(s == 0.0) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(as < M_PI*0.015) { /* x is near a negative integer, -N */ if(x < INT_MIN + 2.0) { result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; GSL_ERROR ("error", GSL_EROUND); } else { int N = -(int)(x - 0.5); double eps = x + N; double sgn; return lngamma_sgn_sing(N, eps, result, &sgn); } } else { gsl_sf_result lg_z; lngamma_lanczos(z, &lg_z); result->val = M_LNPI - (log(as) + lg_z.val); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val) + lg_z.err; return GSL_SUCCESS; } } else { /* |x| was too large to extract any fractional part */ result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; GSL_ERROR ("error", GSL_EROUND); } } int gsl_sf_lngamma_sgn_e(double x, gsl_sf_result * result_lg, double * sgn) { if(fabs(x - 1.0) < 0.01) { int stat = lngamma_1_pade(x - 1.0, result_lg); result_lg->err *= 1.0/(GSL_DBL_EPSILON + fabs(x - 1.0)); *sgn = 1.0; return stat; } else if(fabs(x - 2.0) < 0.01) { int stat = lngamma_2_pade(x - 2.0, result_lg); result_lg->err *= 1.0/(GSL_DBL_EPSILON + fabs(x - 2.0)); *sgn = 1.0; return stat; } else if(x >= 0.5) { *sgn = 1.0; return lngamma_lanczos(x, result_lg); } else if(x == 0.0) { *sgn = 0.0; DOMAIN_ERROR(result_lg); } else if(fabs(x) < 0.02) { return lngamma_sgn_0(x, result_lg, sgn); } else if(x > -0.5/(GSL_DBL_EPSILON*M_PI)) { /* Try to extract a fractional * part from x. */ double z = 1.0 - x; double s = sin(M_PI*x); double as = fabs(s); if(s == 0.0) { *sgn = 0.0; DOMAIN_ERROR(result_lg); } else if(as < M_PI*0.015) { /* x is near a negative integer, -N */ if(x < INT_MIN + 2.0) { result_lg->val = 0.0; result_lg->err = 0.0; *sgn = 0.0; GSL_ERROR ("error", GSL_EROUND); } else { int N = -(int)(x - 0.5); double eps = x + N; return lngamma_sgn_sing(N, eps, result_lg, sgn); } } else { gsl_sf_result lg_z; lngamma_lanczos(z, &lg_z); *sgn = (s > 0.0 ? 1.0 : -1.0); result_lg->val = M_LNPI - (log(as) + lg_z.val); result_lg->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result_lg->val) + lg_z.err; return GSL_SUCCESS; } } else { /* |x| was too large to extract any fractional part */ result_lg->val = 0.0; result_lg->err = 0.0; *sgn = 0.0; GSL_ERROR ("x too large to extract fraction part", GSL_EROUND); } } int gsl_sf_gamma_e(const double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { if(x < 0.5) { int rint_x = (int)floor(x+0.5); double f_x = x - rint_x; double sgn_gamma = ( GSL_IS_EVEN(rint_x) ? 1.0 : -1.0 ); double sin_term = sgn_gamma * sin(M_PI * f_x) / M_PI; if(sin_term == 0.0) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(x > -169.0) { gsl_sf_result g; gamma_xgthalf(1.0-x, &g); if(fabs(sin_term) * g.val * GSL_DBL_MIN < 1.0) { result->val = 1.0/(sin_term * g.val); result->err = fabs(g.err/g.val) * fabs(result->val); result->err += 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { UNDERFLOW_ERROR(result); } } else { /* It is hard to control it here. * We can only exponentiate the * logarithm and eat the loss of * precision. */ gsl_sf_result lng; double sgn; int stat_lng = gsl_sf_lngamma_sgn_e(x, &lng, &sgn); int stat_e = gsl_sf_exp_mult_err_e(lng.val, lng.err, sgn, 0.0, result); return GSL_ERROR_SELECT_2(stat_e, stat_lng); } } else { return gamma_xgthalf(x, result); } } int gsl_sf_gammastar_e(const double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(x <= 0.0) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(x < 0.5) { gsl_sf_result lg; const int stat_lg = gsl_sf_lngamma_e(x, &lg); const double lx = log(x); const double c = 0.5*(M_LN2+M_LNPI); const double lnr_val = lg.val - (x-0.5)*lx + x - c; const double lnr_err = lg.err + 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON *((x+0.5)*fabs(lx) + c); const int stat_e = gsl_sf_exp_err_e(lnr_val, lnr_err, result); return GSL_ERROR_SELECT_2(stat_lg, stat_e); } else if(x < 2.0) { const double t = 4.0/3.0*(x-0.5) - 1.0; return cheb_eval_e(&gstar_a_cs, t, result); } else if(x < 10.0) { const double t = 0.25*(x-2.0) - 1.0; gsl_sf_result c; cheb_eval_e(&gstar_b_cs, t, &c); result->val = c.val/(x*x) + 1.0 + 1.0/(12.0*x); result->err = c.err/(x*x); result->err += 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(x < 1.0/GSL_ROOT4_DBL_EPSILON) { return gammastar_ser(x, result); } else if(x < 1.0/GSL_DBL_EPSILON) { /* Use Stirling formula for Gamma(x). */ const double xi = 1.0/x; result->val = 1.0 + xi/12.0*(1.0 + xi/24.0*(1.0 - xi*(139.0/180.0 + 571.0/8640.0*xi))); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { result->val = 1.0; result->err = 1.0/x; return GSL_SUCCESS; } } int gsl_sf_gammainv_e(const double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if (x <= 0.0 && x == floor(x)) { /* negative integer */ result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(x < 0.5) { gsl_sf_result lng; double sgn; int stat_lng = gsl_sf_lngamma_sgn_e(x, &lng, &sgn); if(stat_lng == GSL_EDOM) { result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(stat_lng != GSL_SUCCESS) { result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; return stat_lng; } else { return gsl_sf_exp_mult_err_e(-lng.val, lng.err, sgn, 0.0, result); } } else { gsl_sf_result g; int stat_g = gamma_xgthalf(x, &g); if(stat_g == GSL_EOVRFLW) { UNDERFLOW_ERROR(result); } else { result->val = 1.0/g.val; result->err = fabs(g.err/g.val) * fabs(result->val); result->err += 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); CHECK_UNDERFLOW(result); return GSL_SUCCESS; } } } int gsl_sf_lngamma_complex_e(double zr, double zi, gsl_sf_result * lnr, gsl_sf_result * arg) { if(zr <= 0.5) { /* Transform to right half plane using reflection; * in fact we do a little better by stopping at 1/2. */ double x = 1.0-zr; double y = -zi; gsl_sf_result a, b; gsl_sf_result lnsin_r, lnsin_i; int stat_l = lngamma_lanczos_complex(x, y, &a, &b); int stat_s = gsl_sf_complex_logsin_e(M_PI*zr, M_PI*zi, &lnsin_r, &lnsin_i); if(stat_s == GSL_SUCCESS) { int stat_r; lnr->val = M_LNPI - lnsin_r.val - a.val; lnr->err = lnsin_r.err + a.err + 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(lnr->val); arg->val = -lnsin_i.val - b.val; arg->err = lnsin_i.err + b.err + 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(arg->val); stat_r = gsl_sf_angle_restrict_symm_e(&(arg->val)); return GSL_ERROR_SELECT_2(stat_r, stat_l); } else { DOMAIN_ERROR_2(lnr,arg); } } else { /* otherwise plain vanilla Lanczos */ return lngamma_lanczos_complex(zr, zi, lnr, arg); } } int gsl_sf_taylorcoeff_e(const int n, const double x, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(x < 0.0 || n < 0) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(n == 0) { result->val = 1.0; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(n == 1) { result->val = x; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(x == 0.0) { result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { const double log2pi = M_LNPI + M_LN2; const double ln_test = n*(log(x)+1.0) + 1.0 - (n+0.5)*log(n+1.0) + 0.5*log2pi; if(ln_test < GSL_LOG_DBL_MIN+1.0) { UNDERFLOW_ERROR(result); } else if(ln_test > GSL_LOG_DBL_MAX-1.0) { OVERFLOW_ERROR(result); } else { double product = 1.0; int k; for(k=1; k<=n; k++) { product *= (x/k); } result->val = product; result->err = n * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * product; CHECK_UNDERFLOW(result); return GSL_SUCCESS; } } } int gsl_sf_fact_e(const unsigned int n, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(n < 18) { result->val = fact_table[n].f; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(n <= GSL_SF_FACT_NMAX){ result->val = fact_table[n].f; result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { OVERFLOW_ERROR(result); } } int gsl_sf_doublefact_e(const unsigned int n, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(n < 26) { result->val = doub_fact_table[n].f; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(n <= GSL_SF_DOUBLEFACT_NMAX){ result->val = doub_fact_table[n].f; result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { OVERFLOW_ERROR(result); } } int gsl_sf_lnfact_e(const unsigned int n, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(n <= GSL_SF_FACT_NMAX){ result->val = log(fact_table[n].f); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { gsl_sf_lngamma_e(n+1.0, result); return GSL_SUCCESS; } } int gsl_sf_lndoublefact_e(const unsigned int n, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(n <= GSL_SF_DOUBLEFACT_NMAX){ result->val = log(doub_fact_table[n].f); result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if(GSL_IS_ODD(n)) { gsl_sf_result lg; gsl_sf_lngamma_e(0.5*(n+2.0), &lg); result->val = 0.5*(n+1.0) * M_LN2 - 0.5*M_LNPI + lg.val; result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val) + lg.err; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { gsl_sf_result lg; gsl_sf_lngamma_e(0.5*n+1.0, &lg); result->val = 0.5*n*M_LN2 + lg.val; result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val) + lg.err; return GSL_SUCCESS; } } int gsl_sf_lnchoose_e(unsigned int n, unsigned int m, gsl_sf_result * result) { /* CHECK_POINTER(result) */ if(m > n) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(m == n || m == 0) { result->val = 0.0; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { gsl_sf_result nf; gsl_sf_result mf; gsl_sf_result nmmf; if(m*2 > n) m = n-m; gsl_sf_lnfact_e(n, &nf); gsl_sf_lnfact_e(m, &mf); gsl_sf_lnfact_e(n-m, &nmmf); result->val = nf.val - mf.val - nmmf.val; result->err = nf.err + mf.err + nmmf.err; result->err += 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } } int gsl_sf_choose_e(unsigned int n, unsigned int m, gsl_sf_result * result) { if(m > n) { DOMAIN_ERROR(result); } else if(m == n || m == 0) { result->val = 1.0; result->err = 0.0; return GSL_SUCCESS; } else if (n <= GSL_SF_FACT_NMAX) { result->val = (fact_table[n].f / fact_table[m].f) / fact_table[n-m].f; result->err = 6.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * fabs(result->val); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { if(m*2 < n) m = n-m; if (n - m < 64) /* compute product for a manageable number of terms */ { double prod = 1.0; unsigned int k; for(k=n; k>=m+1; k--) { double tk = (double)k / (double)(k-m); if(tk > GSL_DBL_MAX/prod) { OVERFLOW_ERROR(result); } prod *= tk; } result->val = prod; result->err = 2.0 * GSL_DBL_EPSILON * prod * fabs(n-m); return GSL_SUCCESS; } else { gsl_sf_result lc; const int stat_lc = gsl_sf_lnchoose_e (n, m, &lc); const int stat_e = gsl_sf_exp_err_e(lc.val, lc.err, result); return GSL_ERROR_SELECT_2(stat_lc, stat_e); } } } /*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Functions w/ Natural Prototypes *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*/ #include "eval.h" double gsl_sf_fact(const unsigned int n) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_fact_e(n, &result)); } double gsl_sf_lnfact(const unsigned int n) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_lnfact_e(n, &result)); } double gsl_sf_doublefact(const unsigned int n) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_doublefact_e(n, &result)); } double gsl_sf_lndoublefact(const unsigned int n) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_lndoublefact_e(n, &result)); } double gsl_sf_lngamma(const double x) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_lngamma_e(x, &result)); } double gsl_sf_gamma(const double x) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_gamma_e(x, &result)); } double gsl_sf_gammastar(const double x) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_gammastar_e(x, &result)); } double gsl_sf_gammainv(const double x) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_gammainv_e(x, &result)); } double gsl_sf_taylorcoeff(const int n, const double x) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_taylorcoeff_e(n, x, &result)); } double gsl_sf_choose(unsigned int n, unsigned int m) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_choose_e(n, m, &result)); } double gsl_sf_lnchoose(unsigned int n, unsigned int m) { EVAL_RESULT(gsl_sf_lnchoose_e(n, m, &result)); }