<page xmlns="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" xmlns:its="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" type="guide" style="task" id="menubutton.py" xml:lang="de">

  <info>

  <title type="text">MenuButton</title>

    <link type="guide" xref="beginner.py#buttons"/>

    <link type="next" xref="toolbar.py"/>

    <revision version="0.1" date="2012-08-19" status="draft"/>

    <credit type="author copyright">

      <name>Tiffany Antopolski</name>

      <email its:translate="no">tiffany.antopolski@gmail.com</email>

      <years>2012</years>

    </credit>

    <credit type="author copyright">

      <name>Marta Maria Casetti</name>

      <email its:translate="no">mmcasetti@gmail.com</email>

      <years>2012</years>

    </credit>

    <desc>A widget that shows a menu when clicked on</desc>

    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">

      <mal:name>Mario Blättermann</mal:name>

      <mal:email>mario.blaettermann@gmail.com</mal:email>

      <mal:years>2011, 2013</mal:years>

    </mal:credit>

  </info>

  <title>MenuButton</title>

  <media type="image" mime="image/png" src="media/menubutton.png"/>

  
The GtkMenuButton widget is used to display a menu when clicked on. This menu can be provided either as a GtkMenu, or an abstract GMenuModel. The GtkMenuButton widget can hold any valid child widget. That is, it can hold almost any other standard GtkWidget. The most commonly used child is the provided GtkArrow.

  <note>
You need to be running GNOME 3.6 for the MenuButton to work.
</note>

  <links type="section"/>

  <section id="code">

  <title>Code used to generate this example</title>

    from gi.repository import Gtk

from gi.repository import Gio

import sys

class MyWindow(Gtk.ApplicationWindow):

    def __init__(self, app):

        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Menubutton Example", application=app)

        self.set_default_size(600, 400)

        grid = Gtk.Grid()

        # a menubutton

        menubutton = Gtk.MenuButton()

        menubutton.set_size_request(80, 35)

        grid.attach(menubutton, 0, 0, 1, 1)

        # a menu with two actions

        menumodel = Gio.Menu()

        menumodel.append("New", "app.new")

        menumodel.append("About", "win.about")

        # a submenu with one action for the menu

        submenu = Gio.Menu()

        submenu.append("Quit", "app.quit")

        menumodel.append_submenu("Other", submenu)

        # the menu is set as the menu of the menubutton

        menubutton.set_menu_model(menumodel)

        # the action related to the window (about)

        about_action = Gio.SimpleAction.new("about", None)

        about_action.connect("activate", self.about_callback)

        self.add_action(about_action)

        self.add(grid)

    # callback for "about"

    def about_callback(self, action, parameter):

        print("You clicked \"About\"")

class MyApplication(Gtk.Application):

    def __init__(self):

        Gtk.Application.__init__(self)

    def do_activate(self):

        win = MyWindow(self)

        win.show_all()

    def do_startup(self):

        Gtk.Application.do_startup(self)

        #  the actions related to the application

        new_action = Gio.SimpleAction.new("new", None)

        new_action.connect("activate", self.new_callback)

        self.add_action(new_action)

        quit_action = Gio.SimpleAction.new("quit", None)

        quit_action.connect("activate", self.quit_callback)

        self.add_action(quit_action)

    # callback functions for the actions related to the application

    def new_callback(self, action, parameter):

        print("You clicked \"New\"")

    def quit_callback(self, action, parameter):

        print("You clicked \"Quit\"")

        self.quit()

app = MyApplication()

exit_status = app.run(sys.argv)

sys.exit(exit_status)

  </section>

  <section id="methods">

  <title>Useful methods for a MenuButton widget</title>

      
In line 33 the signal "activate" from the action about_action is connected to the callback function about_callback() using action.connect(signal, callback function). See <link xref="signals-callbacks.py"/> for a more detailed explanation.

    
The positioning of the menu is determined by the "direction" property of the menu button and the "halign" or "valign" properties of the menu. For example, when the direction is Gtk.ArrowType.DOWN (other option: UP) and the horizontal alignment is Gtk.Align.START (other options: CENTER and END), the menu will be positioned below the button, with the starting edge (depending on the text direction) of the menu aligned with the starting edge of the button. If there is not enough space below the button, the menu is popped up above the button instead. If the alignment would move part of the menu offscreen, it is 'pushed in'.

    
In the case of vertical alignment, the possible ArrowType directions are LEFT and RIGHT and the vertical alignment is again START, CENTER or END.

    
set_align_widget(alignment) and set_direction(direction) can be used to set these properties.

  </section>

  <section id="references">

  <title>API-Referenzen</title>

    
In this sample we used the following:

    <list>

      <item>
<link href="http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/unstable/GtkMenuButton.html">MenuButton</link>
</item>

    </list>

  </section>

</page>