diff --git a/csu/libc-tls.c b/csu/libc-tls.c
index 08ed2b9..6f2a47d 100644
--- a/csu/libc-tls.c
+++ b/csu/libc-tls.c
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ __libc_setup_tls (void)
 	  break;
 	}
 
-  /* Calculate the size of the static TLS surplus.  */
-  _dl_tls_static_surplus_init ();
+  /* Calculate the size of the static TLS surplus, with 0 auditors.  */
+  _dl_tls_static_surplus_init (0);
 
   /* We have to set up the TCB block which also (possibly) contains
      'errno'.  Therefore we avoid 'malloc' which might touch 'errno'.
diff --git a/elf/dl-tls.c b/elf/dl-tls.c
index ef57a21..cfda76f 100644
--- a/elf/dl-tls.c
+++ b/elf/dl-tls.c
@@ -49,7 +49,10 @@
    that affects the size of the static TLS and by default it's small enough
    not to cause problems with existing applications. The limit is not
    enforced or checked: it is the user's responsibility to increase rtld.nns
-   if more dlmopen namespaces are used.  */
+   if more dlmopen namespaces are used.
+
+   Audit modules use their own namespaces, they are not included in rtld.nns,
+   but come on top when computing the number of namespaces.  */
 
 /* Size of initial-exec TLS in libc.so.  */
 #define LIBC_IE_TLS 192
@@ -60,8 +63,11 @@
 /* Size of additional surplus TLS, placeholder for TLS optimizations.  */
 #define OPT_SURPLUS_TLS 512
 
+/* Calculate the size of the static TLS surplus, when the given
+   number of audit modules are loaded.  Must be called after the
+   number of audit modules is known and before static TLS allocation.  */
 void
-_dl_tls_static_surplus_init (void)
+_dl_tls_static_surplus_init (size_t naudit)
 {
   size_t nns;
 
@@ -73,6 +79,11 @@ _dl_tls_static_surplus_init (void)
 #endif
   if (nns > DL_NNS)
     nns = DL_NNS;
+  if (DL_NNS - nns < naudit)
+    _dl_fatal_printf ("Failed loading %lu audit modules, %lu are supported.\n",
+		      (unsigned long) naudit, (unsigned long) (DL_NNS - nns));
+  nns += naudit;
+
   GLRO(dl_tls_static_surplus) = ((nns - 1) * LIBC_IE_TLS
 				 + nns * OTHER_IE_TLS
 				 + OPT_SURPLUS_TLS);
diff --git a/elf/rtld.c b/elf/rtld.c
index a440741..67441ac 100644
--- a/elf/rtld.c
+++ b/elf/rtld.c
@@ -297,6 +297,23 @@ audit_list_next (struct audit_list *list)
     }
 }
 
+/* Count audit modules before they are loaded so GLRO(dl_naudit)
+   is not yet usable.  */
+static size_t
+audit_list_count (struct audit_list *list)
+{
+  /* Restore the audit_list iterator state at the end.  */
+  const char *saved_tail = list->current_tail;
+  size_t naudit = 0;
+
+  assert (list->current_index == 0);
+  while (audit_list_next (list) != NULL)
+    naudit++;
+  list->current_tail = saved_tail;
+  list->current_index = 0;
+  return naudit;
+}
+
 /* Set nonzero during loading and initialization of executable and
    libraries, cleared before the executable's entry point runs.  This
    must not be initialized to nonzero, because the unused dynamic
@@ -734,7 +751,7 @@ match_version (const char *string, struct link_map *map)
 static bool tls_init_tp_called;
 
 static void *
-init_tls (void)
+init_tls (size_t naudit)
 {
   /* Number of elements in the static TLS block.  */
   GL(dl_tls_static_nelem) = GL(dl_tls_max_dtv_idx);
@@ -777,7 +794,7 @@ init_tls (void)
   assert (i == GL(dl_tls_max_dtv_idx));
 
   /* Calculate the size of the static TLS surplus.  */
-  _dl_tls_static_surplus_init ();
+  _dl_tls_static_surplus_init (naudit);
 
   /* Compute the TLS offsets for the various blocks.  */
   _dl_determine_tlsoffset ();
@@ -1659,9 +1676,11 @@ ERROR: '%s': cannot process note segment.\n", _dl_argv[0]);
   bool need_security_init = true;
   if (audit_list.length > 0)
     {
+      size_t naudit = audit_list_count (&audit_list);
+
       /* Since we start using the auditing DSOs right away we need to
 	 initialize the data structures now.  */
-      tcbp = init_tls ();
+      tcbp = init_tls (naudit);
 
       /* Initialize security features.  We need to do it this early
 	 since otherwise the constructors of the audit libraries will
@@ -1671,6 +1690,10 @@ ERROR: '%s': cannot process note segment.\n", _dl_argv[0]);
       need_security_init = false;
 
       load_audit_modules (main_map, &audit_list);
+
+      /* The count based on audit strings may overestimate the number
+	 of audit modules that got loaded, but not underestimate.  */
+      assert (GLRO(dl_naudit) <= naudit);
     }
 
   /* Keep track of the currently loaded modules to count how many
@@ -1914,7 +1937,7 @@ ERROR: '%s': cannot process note segment.\n", _dl_argv[0]);
      multiple threads (from a non-TLS-using libpthread).  */
   bool was_tls_init_tp_called = tls_init_tp_called;
   if (tcbp == NULL)
-    tcbp = init_tls ();
+    tcbp = init_tls (0);
 
   if (__glibc_likely (need_security_init))
     /* Initialize security features.  But only if we have not done it
diff --git a/manual/tunables.texi b/manual/tunables.texi
index e092b8e..e6a3e9a 100644
--- a/manual/tunables.texi
+++ b/manual/tunables.texi
@@ -241,9 +241,12 @@ Sets the number of supported dynamic link namespaces (see @code{dlmopen}).
 Currently this limit can be set between 1 and 16 inclusive, the default is 4.
 Each link namespace consumes some memory in all thread, and thus raising the
 limit will increase the amount of memory each thread uses. Raising the limit
-is useful when your application uses more than 4 dynamic linker audit modules
-e.g. @env{LD_AUDIT}, or will use more than 4 dynamic link namespaces as created
-by @code{dlmopen} with an lmid argument of @code{LM_ID_NEWLM}.
+is useful when your application uses more than 4 dynamic link namespaces as
+created by @code{dlmopen} with an lmid argument of @code{LM_ID_NEWLM}.
+Dynamic linker audit modules are loaded in their own dynamic link namespaces,
+but they are not accounted for in @code{glibc.rtld.nns}.  They implicitly
+increase the per-thread memory usage as necessary, so this tunable does
+not need to be changed to allow many audit modules e.g. via @env{LD_AUDIT}.
 @end deftp
 
 @node Elision Tunables
diff --git a/sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h b/sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h
index e541058..293f3ab 100644
--- a/sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h
+++ b/sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h
@@ -1104,8 +1104,9 @@ extern size_t _dl_count_modids (void) attribute_hidden;
 /* Calculate offset of the TLS blocks in the static TLS block.  */
 extern void _dl_determine_tlsoffset (void) attribute_hidden;
 
-/* Calculate the size of the static TLS surplus.  */
-void _dl_tls_static_surplus_init (void) attribute_hidden;
+/* Calculate the size of the static TLS surplus, when the given
+   number of audit modules are loaded.  */
+void _dl_tls_static_surplus_init (size_t naudit) attribute_hidden;
 
 #ifndef SHARED
 /* Set up the TCB for statically linked applications.  This is called