# 

# @(#)africa	8.21

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,

# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to

# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).

# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):

#

# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is

# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),

# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).

#

# Gwillim Law writes that a good source

# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport

# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),

# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries

# of the IATA's data after 1990.

#

# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for

# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.

#

# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,

# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which

# I found in the UCLA library.

#

# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is

# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).

#

# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT

# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,

# but Mark R V Murray reports that

# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,

# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and

# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for

# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.

# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.

#

# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;

# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,

# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.

# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African

# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.

#

# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:

#	-1:00	WAT	West Africa Time (no longer used)

#	 0:00	GMT	Greenwich Mean Time

#	 2:00	CAT	Central Africa Time

#	 2:00	SAST	South Africa Standard Time

# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:

#	 1:00	WAT	West Africa Time

# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00

# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of

# until we get more information.

#

# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!

#	 2:00	WAST	West Africa Summer Time

#	 2:30	BEAT	British East Africa Time (no longer used)

#	 2:44:45 BEAUT	British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)

#	 3:00	CAST	Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)

#	 3:00	SAST	South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)

#	 3:00	EAT	East Africa Time

#	 4:00	EAST	East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)

# Algeria

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	Algeria	1916	only	-	Jun	14	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1916	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	23:00s	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1917	only	-	Mar	24	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Feb	14	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Oct	23	23:00s	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Mar	14	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Jun	21	23:00s	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Sep	11	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 1:00	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon>=1	 2:00	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 2:00	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 1:00	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Apr	25	23:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Sep	26	23:00s	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1977	only	-	May	 6	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1977	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Mar	24	 1:00	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Sep	22	 3:00	0	-

Rule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Apr	25	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	-

# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's

# more precise 0:09:21.

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Algiers	0:12:12 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15 0:01

			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time

			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1940 Feb 25 2:00

			1:00	Algeria	CE%sT	1946 Oct  7

			0:00	-	WET	1956 Jan 29

			1:00	-	CET	1963 Apr 14

			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1977 Oct 21

			1:00	Algeria	CE%sT	1979 Oct 26

			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1981 May

			1:00	-	CET

# Angola

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Luanda	0:52:56	-	LMT	1892

			0:52:04	-	AOT	1911 May 26 # Angola Time

			1:00	-	WAT

# Benin

# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;

# go with Shanks & Pottenger.

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Porto-Novo	0:10:28	-	LMT	1912

			0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26

			1:00	-	WAT

# Botswana

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Gaborone	1:43:40 -	LMT	1885

			2:00	-	CAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00

			2:00	1:00	CAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00

			2:00	-	CAT

# Burkina Faso

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Ouagadougou	-0:06:04 -	LMT	1912

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Burundi

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Bujumbura	1:57:28	-	LMT	1890

			2:00	-	CAT

# Cameroon

# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Douala	0:38:48	-	LMT	1912

			1:00	-	WAT

# Cape Verde

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1907			# Praia

			-2:00	-	CVT	1942 Sep

			-2:00	1:00	CVST	1945 Oct 15

			-2:00	-	CVT	1975 Nov 25 2:00

			-1:00	-	CVT

# Central African Republic

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Bangui	1:14:20	-	LMT	1912

			1:00	-	WAT

# Chad

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Ndjamena	1:00:12 -	LMT	1912

			1:00	-	WAT	1979 Oct 14

			1:00	1:00	WAST	1980 Mar  8

			1:00	-	WAT

# Comoros

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Indian/Comoro	2:53:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul   # Moroni, Gran Comoro

			3:00	-	EAT

# Democratic Republic of Congo

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Kinshasa	1:01:12 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9

			1:00	-	WAT

Zone Africa/Lubumbashi	1:49:52 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9

			2:00	-	CAT

# Republic of the Congo

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Brazzaville	1:01:08 -	LMT	1912

			1:00	-	WAT

# Cote D'Ivoire

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Abidjan	-0:16:08 -	LMT	1912

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Djibouti

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul

			3:00	-	EAT

###############################################################################

# Egypt

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Jul	15	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Apr	15	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1942	1944	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1942	only	-	Oct	27	0:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1943	1945	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1945	only	-	Apr	16	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1959	1981	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1966	1994	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-

Rule	Egypt	1982	only	-	Jul	25	1:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1983	only	-	Jul	12	1:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1984	1988	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1989	only	-	May	 6	1:00	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1990	1994	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S

# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.

# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.

Rule	Egypt	1995	max	-	Apr	lastFri	 0:00s	1:00	S

Rule	Egypt	1995	2005	-	Sep	lastThu	23:00s	0	-

# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):

# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:

# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday

# after observing the daylight saving time since May.

# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf

Rule	Egypt	2006	only	-	Sep	21	23:00s	0	-

# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):

# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight

# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.

# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]

# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 

# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53

# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:

# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm

Rule	Egypt	2007	only	-	Sep	Thu>=1	23:00s	0	-

# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):

# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter

# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each

# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite

# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by

# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently,

# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008.

# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):

# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August.

# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06):

# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited):

#

# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009

# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =

# Apr 23

# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200

# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri =

# Apr 24

# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800

# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =

# Aug 27

# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800

# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu =

# Aug 27

# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200

#

# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59=

# :59)

# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/

#

# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.

#

# [1] 

# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263

# 

# [2] 

# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53

# 

# [3] 

# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/

# 

# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):

# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth

# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday

# in September.

Rule	Egypt	2008	only	-	Aug	lastThu	23:00s	0	-

Rule	Egypt	2009	max	-	Sep	lastThu	23:00s	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:00 -	LMT	1900 Oct

			2:00	Egypt	EE%sT

# Equatorial Guinea

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Malabo	0:35:08 -	LMT	1912

			0:00	-	GMT	1963 Dec 15

			1:00	-	WAT

# Eritrea

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Asmara	2:35:32 -	LMT	1870

			2:35:32	-	AMT	1890	      # Asmara Mean Time

			2:35:20	-	ADMT	1936 May 5    # Adis Dera MT

			3:00	-	EAT

# Ethiopia

# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):

# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones

# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.

# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa	2:34:48 -	LMT	1870

			2:35:20	-	ADMT	1936 May 5    # Adis Dera MT

			3:00	-	EAT

# Gabon

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Libreville	0:37:48 -	LMT	1912

			1:00	-	WAT

# Gambia

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Banjul	-1:06:36 -	LMT	1912

			-1:06:36 -	BMT	1935	# Banjul Mean Time

			-1:00	-	WAT	1964

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Ghana

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';

# go with Shanks & Pottenger.

Rule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	GHST

Rule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	GMT

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918

			 0:00	Ghana	%s

# Guinea

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Conakry	-0:54:52 -	LMT	1912

			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26

			-1:00	-	WAT	1960

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Guinea-Bissau

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1911 May 26

			-1:00	-	WAT	1975

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Kenya

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Nairobi	2:27:16	-	LMT	1928 Jul

			3:00	-	EAT	1930

			2:30	-	BEAT	1940

			2:44:45	-	BEAUT	1960

			3:00	-	EAT

# Lesotho

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Maseru	1:50:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar

			2:00	-	SAST	1943 Sep 19 2:00

			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00

			2:00	-	SAST

# Liberia

# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):

# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch

# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.

# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.

# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;

# go with Shanks & Pottenger.

# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and

# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882

			-0:43:08 -	MMT	1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time

			-0:44:30 -	LRT	1972 May # Liberia Time

			 0:00	-	GMT

###############################################################################

# Libya

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	Libya	1951	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1952	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Libya	1953	only	-	Oct	 9	2:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1954	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Libya	1955	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1956	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Libya	1982	1984	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1982	1985	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-

Rule	Libya	1985	only	-	Apr	 6	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1986	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1986	only	-	Oct	 3	0:00	0	-

Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920

			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1959

			2:00	-	EET	1982

			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1990 May  4

# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;

# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.

			2:00	-	EET	1996 Sep 30

			1:00	-	CET	1997 Apr  4

			1:00	1:00	CEST	1997 Oct  4

			2:00	-	EET

# Madagascar

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul

			3:00	-	EAT	1954 Feb 27 23:00s

			3:00	1:00	EAST	1954 May 29 23:00s

			3:00	-	EAT

# Malawi

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Blantyre	2:20:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar

			2:00	-	CAT

# Mali

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912

			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26

			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Jun 20

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Mauritania

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Nouakchott	-1:03:48 -	LMT	1912

			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26

			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Nov 28

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Mauritius

# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):

# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial

# basis....

# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 

# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html

# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):

# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD

# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30):

# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A

# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving

# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight.

# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):

# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.

# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):

# According to

# 

# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216

# 

# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier

# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31).  The new start

# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time

# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).

# 

# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 

# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 

# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 

# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 

# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 

# changes two days later.

# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11):

# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving

# time:  Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally

# published on Monday, June 30, 2008...

#

# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction

# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26

# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.

# ...

# 

# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html

# 

# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):

# The Government of Mauritius weblink

# 

# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD

# 

# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:

#

# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly

# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in

# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of

# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United

# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the

# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on

# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the

# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008

# and end on 29 March 2009.

# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):

# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the

# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the

# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.

# 

# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf

# 

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule Mauritius	1982	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	1:00	S

Rule Mauritius	1983	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	0	-

Rule Mauritius	2008	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	S

Rule Mauritius	2009	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907		# Port Louis

			4:00 Mauritius	MU%sT	# Mauritius Time

# Agalega Is, Rodriguez

# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius

# Mayotte

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou

			3:00	-	EAT

# Morocco

# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).

# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):

# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between

# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.

#

# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will

# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to

# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."

#

# 

# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html

# 

# OR

# 

# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html

# 

# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):

# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse:

# 

# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view

# 

#

# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.

# spokesman.

# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):

# According to this article:

# 

# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html

# 

# (and republished here:

# 

# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html

# 

# )

# the changes occurs at midnight:

#

# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be

# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday)

# sunday night the 28th  at midnight

#

# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say

# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and

# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive

# june1st to sept 27th.

#

# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree

# published on the web.

#

# It's also confirmed here:

# 

# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm

# 

# on a government portal as being  between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet

# posted in english).

#

# The following google query will generate many relevant hits:

# 

# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search

# 

# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):

# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow

# Morocco DST changes?  Any information?  What about other part of

# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named

# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)?

# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09):

# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now.

# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):

# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 

# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 

# of September:

#

# One article about it (in French):

# 

# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default

# 

#

# We have some further details posted here:

# 

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html

# 

# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):

# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according

# to many sources, such as

# 

# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html

# 

# 

# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312

# 

# (French)

#

# Our summary:

# 

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html

# 

# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):

# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,

# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics

#

# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)

# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of

# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be

# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.

#

# 

# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf

# 

#

# 

# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html

# 

# RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Sep	12	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1940	only	-	Feb	25	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1945	only	-	Nov	18	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Jun	11	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Jun	 3	12:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Jun	24	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1976	1977	-	May	 1	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1976	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1977	only	-	Sep	28	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	2008	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	2008	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	0	-

Rule	Morocco	2009	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Morocco	2009	only	-	Aug	 21	 0:00	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26

			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT	1984 Mar 16

			 1:00	-	CET	1986

			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT

# Western Sahara

Zone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan

			-1:00	-	WAT	1976 Apr 14

			 0:00	-	WET

# Mozambique

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Maputo	2:10:20 -	LMT	1903 Mar

			2:00	-	CAT

# Namibia

# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.

# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.

# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in

# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>:

# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other

# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there

# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions.  Chief of

# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of

# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest

# of the country.

# 

# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):

# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but

# we have no details.  In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.

# RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	Namibia	1994	max	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S

Rule	Namibia	1995	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8

			1:30	-	SWAT	1903 Mar	# SW Africa Time

			2:00	-	SAST	1942 Sep 20 2:00

			2:00	1:00	SAST	1943 Mar 21 2:00

			2:00	-	SAST	1990 Mar 21 # independence

			2:00	-	CAT	1994 Apr  3

			1:00	Namibia	WA%sT

# Niger

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Niamey	 0:08:28 -	LMT	1912

			-1:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26

			 0:00	-	GMT	1960

			 1:00	-	WAT

# Nigeria

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Lagos	0:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Sep

			1:00	-	WAT

# Reunion

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun	# Saint-Denis

			4:00	-	RET	# Reunion Time

#

# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.

# The following information about them is taken from

# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;

# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).

# We have no info about their time zone histories.

#

# Bassas da India - uninhabited

# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families

# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958

# Juan de Nova - uninhabited

# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958

# Rwanda

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Kigali	2:00:16 -	LMT	1935 Jun

			2:00	-	CAT

# St Helena

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890		# Jamestown

			-0:22:48 -	JMT	1951	# Jamestown Mean Time

			 0:00	-	GMT

# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:

#	Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA

#	Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA

#	Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):

#		on GMT, says the CIA

#	Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT

# Sao Tome and Principe

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884

			-0:36:32 -	LMT	1912	# Lisbon Mean Time

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Senegal

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912

			-1:00	-	WAT	1941 Jun

			 0:00	-	GMT

# Seychelles

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun	# Victoria

			4:00	-	SCT	# Seychelles Time

# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):

# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the

# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory

# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976.  We don't know

# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.

# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.

# Sierra Leone

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.

Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	0:40	SLST

Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	WAT

Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	SLST

Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	GMT

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Freetown	-0:53:00 -	LMT	1882

			-0:53:00 -	FMT	1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time

			-1:00	SL	%s	1957

			 0:00	SL	%s

# Somalia

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Mogadishu	3:01:28 -	LMT	1893 Nov

			3:00	-	EAT	1931

			2:30	-	BEAT	1957

			3:00	-	EAT

# South Africa

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	SA	1942	1943	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	-

Rule	SA	1943	1944	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8

			1:30	-	SAST	1903 Mar

			2:00	SA	SAST

# Marion and Prince Edward Is

# scientific station since 1947

# no information

# Sudan

#

# From 

# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)

# , also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:

# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon

# Saturday....  This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for

# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.

#

# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

Rule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Sudan	1970	1985	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-

Rule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	S

Rule	Sudan	1972	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931

			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00

			3:00	-	EAT

# Swaziland

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Mbabane	2:04:24 -	LMT	1903 Mar

			2:00	-	SAST

# Tanzania

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -	LMT	1931

			3:00	-	EAT	1948

			2:44:45	-	BEAUT	1961

			3:00	-	EAT

# Togo

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]

Zone	Africa/Lome	0:04:52 -	LMT	1893

			0:00	-	GMT

# Tunisia

# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):

# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,

# this time in Tunisia.  According to Yahoo France News

# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP

# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by

# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1.  Henceforth, Tunisian time will be

# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1.  The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next

# Saturday."  (My translation)

#

# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):

# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...

# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>

# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,

# 1h standard time.

#

# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):

# The daylight saving time will be the same each year:

# Beginning      : the last Sunday of March at 02:00

# Ending         : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...

# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50

# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):

# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.

# (Arabic)

# 

# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546

# 

# 

# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp

# 

#

# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.