Make Format Header Endian 1) Offsets 2) Ref Remarks
Canon IFD None     [2] Some CR2 images have a non-zero next-IFD pointer
CASIO IFD None     [4]  
CASIO IFD, at offset 6 "QVC\0\0\0" Big-endian (MM) Relative to the beginning of the makernote [4]  
FUJI IFD, usually at offset 12 Starts with the string "FUJI" and a 4 byte pointer to the IFD Little-endian (II) Relative to the beginning of the makernote [1] Exif data uses big-endian (MM) byte order
Minolta, KONICA MINOLTA IFD None     [5] Camera settings tag is encoded in big-endian (MM) style, regardless of the encoding style of the Exif data
NIKON IFD None     [3] Models using this makernote include E990, D1
NIKON IFD, at offset 8 "Nikon\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning     [1] Models using this makernote include E700, E800, E900, E900S, E910, E950
NIKON IFD, usually at offset 18 "Nikon\0" followed by 4 bytes which look like a version code and a TIFF header From makernote TIFF header Relative to the start of the makernote TIFF header   Models using this makernote include E5400, SQ, D2H, D70, D100, D200. Makernote IFD of the D200 has no next-IFD pointer. (Is this a bug?)
OLYMPUS IFD, at offset 8 "OLYMP\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning     [1]  
OLYMPUS IFD, at offset 12 "OLYMPUS\0II" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning   Relative to the beginning of the makernote    
Panasonic IFD without a next-IFD pointer at offset 12 "Panasonic\0\0\0"     [8]  
PENTAX IFD at offset 6 "AOC\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning     [11]  
SAMSUNG IFD None   Relative to the beginning of the makernote    
Sanyo IFD - - - [6] Not supported by Exiv2 yet
SIGMA, FOVEON IFD, at offset 10 "SIGMA\0\0\0" or "FOVEON\0\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning     [7]  
SONY IFD without a next-IFD pointer at offset 12 "SONY DSC \0\0\0"       Seen in Jpeg images, e.g., from DSC-W7, DSC-R1
SONY IFD None       Seen in SR2 images, e.g., from DSC-R1

1) If not specified, the byte order of the Exif data is applicable.
2) If not specified, offsets are relative to the start of the TIFF header.