.\"

.\" cupsd-logs man page for CUPS.

.\"

.\" Copyright 2007-2014 by Apple Inc.

.\" Copyright 1997-2006 by Easy Software Products.

.\"

.\" These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the

.\" property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright

.\" law.  Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"

.\" which should have been included with this file.  If this file is

.\" file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".

.\"

.TH cupsd-logs 5 "CUPS" "11 June 2014" "Apple Inc."

.SH NAME

cupsd\-logs \- cupsd log files (access_log, error_log, and page_log)

.SH DESCRIPTION

.BR cupsd (8)

normally maintains three log files: \fIaccess_log\fR to track requests that are submitted to the scheduler, \fIerror_log\fR to track progress and errors, and \fIpage_log\fR to track pages that are printed.

Configuration directives in

.BR cupsd.conf (5)

and

.BR cups-files.conf (5)

control what information is logged and where it is stored.

.SS ACCESS LOG FILE FORMAT

The \fIaccess_log\fR file lists each HTTP resource that is accessed by a web browser or client.

Each line is in an extended version of the so-called "Common Log Format" used by many web servers and web reporting tools:

.nf

    \fIhost group user date-time \fR"\fImethod resource version\fR" \fIstatus bytes

      ipp-operation ipp-status\fR

.fi

For example:

.nf

    10.0.1.2 - - [01/Dec/2005:21:50:28 +0000] "POST / HTTP/1.1" 200 317

      CUPS-Get-Printers successful-ok-ignored-or-substituted-attributes

    localhost - - [01/Dec/2005:21:50:32 +0000] "GET /admin HTTP/1.1"

      200 0 - -

    localhost - - [01/Dec/2005:21:50:32 +0000] "POST / HTTP/1.1"

      200 157 CUPS-Get-Printers

      successful-ok-ignored-or-substituted-attributes

    localhost - - [01/Dec/2005:21:50:32 +0000] "POST / HTTP/1.1"

      200 1411 CUPS-Get-Devices -

    localhost - - [01/Dec/2005:21:50:32 +0000] "GET /admin HTTP/1.1"

      200 6667 - -

.fi

The \fIhost\fR field will normally only be an IP address unless you have enabled the HostNameLookups directive in the \fIcupsd.conf\fR file or if the IP address corresponds to your local machine.

.LP

The \fIgroup\fR field always contains "-".

.LP

The \fIuser\fR field is the authenticated username of the requesting user.

If no username and password is supplied for the request then this field contains "-".

.LP

The \fIdate-time\fR field is the date and time of the request in local time and is in the format "[DD/MON/YYYY:HH:MM:SS +ZZZZ]".

.LP

The \fImethod\fR field is the HTTP method used: "GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS", "POST", or "PUT".

"GET" requests are used to get files from the server, both for the web interface and to get configuration and log files.

"HEAD" requests are used to get information about a resource prior to a "GET".

"OPTIONS" requests are used to upgrade connections to TLS encryption.

"POST" requests are used for web interface forms and IPP requests.

"PUT" requests are used to upload configuration files.

.LP

The \fIresource\fR field is the filename of the requested resource.

.LP

The \fIversion\fR field is the HTTP specification version used by the client.

For CUPS clients this will always be "HTTP/1.1".

.LP

The \fIstatus\fR field contains the HTTP result status of the request, as follows:

.RS 5

.TP 5

200

Successful operation.

.TP 5

201

File created/modified successfully.

.TP 5

304

The requested file has not changed.

.TP 5

400

Bad HTTP request; typically this means that you have a malicious program trying to access your server.

.TP 5

401

Unauthorized, authentication (username + password) is required.

.TP 5

403

Access is forbidden; typically this means that a client tried to access a file or resource they do not have permission to access.

.TP 5

404

The file or resource does not exist.

.TP 5

405

URL access method is not allowed; typically this means you have a web browser using your server as a proxy.

.TP 5

413

Request too large; typically this means that a client tried to print a file larger than the MaxRequestSize allows.

.TP 5

426

Upgrading to TLS-encrypted connection.

.TP 5

500

Server error; typically this happens when the server is unable to open/create a file - consult the error_log file for details.

.TP 5

501

The client requested encryption but encryption support is not enabled/compiled in.

.TP 5

505

HTTP version number not supported; typically this means that you have a malicious program trying to access your server.

.RE

.LP

The \fIbytes\fR field contains the number of bytes in the request.

For POST requests the bytes field contains the number of bytes of non-IPP data that is received from the client.

.LP

The \fIipp-operation\fR field contains either "-" for non-IPP requests or the IPP operation name for POST requests containing an IPP request.

.LP

The \fIipp-status\fR field contains either "-" for non-IPP requests or the IPP status code name for POST requests containing an IPP response.

.SS ERROR LOG FILE FORMAT

The \fIerror_log\fR file lists messages from the scheduler - errors, warnings, etc. The LogLevel directive in the

.BR cupsd.conf (5)

file controls which messages are logged:

.nf

    level date-time message

.fi

For example:

.nf

    I [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] Queued on 'DeskJet' by 'mike'.

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[0]="DeskJet"

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[1]="1"

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[2]="mike"

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[3]="myjob"

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[4]="1"

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[5]="media=

      na_letter_8.5x11in sides=one-sided"

    D [20/May/1999:19:18:28 +0000] [Job 1] argv[6]="/var/spool/cups/

      d000001-001"

    I [20/May/1999:19:21:02 +0000] [Job 2] Queued on 'DeskJet' by 'mike'.

    I [20/May/1999:19:22:24 +0000] [Job 2] Canceled by 'mike'.

.fi

The \fIlevel\fR field contains the type of message:

.TP 5

A

Alert message (LogLevel alert)

.TP 5

C

Critical error message (LogLevel crit)

.TP 5

D

Debugging message (LogLevel debug)

.TP 5

d

Detailed debugging message (LogLevel debug2)

.TP 5

E

Normal error message (LogLevel error)

.TP 5

I

Informational message (LogLevel info)

.TP 5

N

Notice message (LogLevel notice)

.TP 5

W

Warning message (LogLevel warn)

.TP 5

X

Emergency error message (LogLevel emerg)

.LP

The \fIdate-time\fR field contains the date and time of when the page started printing. The format of this field is identical to the data-time field in the \fIaccess_log\fR file.

.LP

The \fImessage\fR field contains a free-form textual message.

Messages from job filters are prefixed with "[Job NNN]" where "NNN" is the job ID.

.SS PAGE LOG FILE FORMAT

The \fIpage_log\fR file lists each page or group of pages that are sent to a printer.

By default, each line contains the following information:

.nf

    \fIprinter user job-id date-time page-number num-copies job-billing

      job-originating-host-name job-name media sides\fR

    \fIprinter user job-id date-time \fBtotal \fInum-impressions job-billing

      job-originating-host-name job-name media sides\fR

.fi

For example the entries for a two page job called "myjob" might look like:

.nf

    DeskJet root 1 [20/May/1999:19:21:05 +0000] 1 1 acme-123

      localhost myjob na_letter_8.5x11in one-sided

    DeskJet root 1 [20/May/1999:19:21:05 +0000] 2 1 acme-123

      localhost myjob na_letter_8.5x11in one-sided

    DeskJet root 1 [20/May/1999:19:21:06 +0000] total 2 acme-123

      localhost myjob na_letter_8.5x11in one-sided

.fi

The PageLogFormat directive in the

.BR cupsd.conf (5)

file can be used to change this information.

.LP

The \fIprinter\fR field contains the name of the printer that printed the page.

If you send a job to a printer class, this field will contain the name of the printer that was assigned the job.

.LP

The \fIuser\fR field contains the name of the user (the IPP requesting-user-name attribute) that submitted this file for printing.

.LP

The \fIjob-id\fR field contains the job number of the page being printed.

.LP

The \fIdate-time\fR field contains the date and time of when the page started printing.

The format of this field is identical to the data-time field in the \fIaccess_log\fR file.

.LP

The \fIpage-number\fR and \fInum-copies\fR fields contain the page number and number of copies being printed of that page.

For printers that cannot produce copies on their own, the num-copies field will always be 1.

.LP

Lines containing the keyword "total" have a \fInum-impressions\fR field instead which provides the total number of impressions (sides) that have been printed on for the job.

.LP

The \fIjob-billing\fR field contains a copy of the job-billing or job-account-id attributes provided with the IPP Create-Job or Print-Job requests or "-" if neither was provided.

.LP

The \fIjob-originating-host-name\fR field contains the hostname or IP address of the client that printed the job.

.LP

The \fIjob-name\fR field contains a copy of the job-name attribute provided with the IPP Create-Job or Print-Job requests or "-" if none was provided.

.LP

The \fImedia\fR field contains a copy of the media or media-col/media-size attribute provided with the IPP Create-Job or Print-Job requests or "-" if none was provided.

.LP

The \fIsides\fR field contains a copy of the sides attribute provided with the IPP Create-Job or Print-Job requests or "-" if none was provided.

.SH SEE ALSO

.BR cupsd (8),

.BR cupsd.conf (5),

.BR cups-files.conf (5),

CUPS Online Help (http://localhost:631/help)

.SH COPYRIGHT

Copyright \[co] 2007-2017 by Apple Inc.